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. 2024 Apr 9;16(4):e57921.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.57921. eCollection 2024 Apr.

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy

Maather M Abdulkhaleq  1 , Reema S Alshugaig  1 , Dania A Farhan  1 , Ibtihal T Balubaid  1 , Rahaf A Alkhaldi  1 , Fatema M Shoaib  1 , Fatmah M Shamaa  1 , Saleh M Aldaqal  2
Affiliations

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy

Maather M Abdulkhaleq et al. Cureus. .

Abstract

Objectives To determine the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and associated factors. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in different regions around the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between 2022 and 2023. The questionnaire was distributed among patients who underwent LSG at different periods, ranging from six months to more than two years. The questionnaire comprised a risk factor assessment and the GERD-Health-Related Quality of Life (GERD-HRQL) questionnaire. Results A total of 387 participants with a mean age of 35.7±10.95 were included. The study included 225 females (58.1%) and 162 males (41.9%). The mean preoperative body mass index (BMI) was 44.36±8.07 kg/m2, which decreased to 28.78±6.31 kg/m2 postoperatively. Notably, dissatisfaction with general health surged from 17 (24.6%) preoperatively to 165 (42.6%) postoperatively. Despite no significant difference in GERD-HRQL scores in the group who had preoperative symptoms, 282 (72.9%) reported experiencing heartburn, and 289 (74.7%) reported bloating postoperatively. Postoperatively, 203 (52.5%) reported improved quality of life. Moreover, changes in BMI were strongly correlated with heartburn, dysphagia, odynophagia, and bloating. The postoperative prevalence of GERD was 355 (91.7%), with 318 (82.2%) of participants reporting new-onset symptoms. Sex (P=0.013), age (P=0.024), and hypercholesterolemia (P=0.046) were significantly associated with postoperative GERD severity. Conclusions The majority of participants developed GERD symptoms following surgery, with a significant proportion reporting new-onset symptoms. Sex, age, and hypercholesterolemia have emerged as significant factors for postoperative GERD severity.

Keywords: #laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy; gastroesophageal reflux disease (gerd); gerd-hrql; obesity; prevalence of gerd.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Postoperative prevalence of each GERD symptom for symptomatic and asymptomatic participants (n=387)
The data has been represented as %.
Figure 2
Figure 2. The proportion of participants whose symptoms changed after LSG (n=69)
The data has been represented as %.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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