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Review
. 2024 Apr 26;29(9):2007.
doi: 10.3390/molecules29092007.

Pharmacological Potential of Kaempferol, a Flavonoid in the Management of Pathogenesis via Modulation of Inflammation and Other Biological Activities

Faris Alrumaihi  1 , Saleh A Almatroodi  1 , Hajed Obaid A Alharbi  1 , Wanian M Alwanian  1 , Fadiyah A Alharbi  2 , Ahmad Almatroudi  1 , Arshad Husain Rahmani  1
Affiliations
Review

Pharmacological Potential of Kaempferol, a Flavonoid in the Management of Pathogenesis via Modulation of Inflammation and Other Biological Activities

Faris Alrumaihi et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

Natural products and their bioactive compounds have been used for centuries to prevent and treat numerous diseases. Kaempferol, a flavonoid found in vegetables, fruits, and spices, is recognized for its various beneficial properties, including its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. This molecule has been identified as a potential means of managing different pathogenesis due to its capability to manage various biological activities. Moreover, this compound has a wide range of health-promoting benefits, such as cardioprotective, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, and anti-diabetic, and has a role in maintaining eye, skin, and respiratory system health. Furthermore, it can also inhibit tumor growth and modulate various cell-signaling pathways. In vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated that this compound has been shown to increase efficacy when combined with other natural products or drugs. In addition, kaempferol-based nano-formulations are more effective than kaempferol treatment alone. This review aims to provide detailed information about the sources of this compound, its bioavailability, and its role in various pathogenesis. Although there is promising evidence for its ability to manage diseases, it is crucial to conduct further investigations to know its toxicity, safety aspects, and mechanism of action in health management.

Keywords: anti-diabetic effect; cancer therapy; health-promoting effects; inflammation; kaempferol; oxidative stress.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Kaempferol chemical structure (the structure was drawn using ChemDraw professional 15.0).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Role of kaempferol in disease management through inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress. The upward pointing arrow indicates upregulation and the downward pointing arrow indicates downregulation.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Role of kaempferol in the management of pathogenesis through modulation of biological activities. The upward pointing arrow an increase and the downward pointing arrow indicates decrease.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Anti-cancer potential of kaempferol through modulation of different cell signaling molecules. The upward pointing arrow indicates upregulation and the downward pointing arrow indicates downregulation.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Antimicrobial properties of kaempferol.
Figure 6
Figure 6
The role of kaempferol in different pathogenesis through the modulation of different biological activities. The upward pointing arrow indicates an increase and the downward pointing arrow indicates decrease.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Kaempferol-based nano-formulations and their role in the management of pathogenesis. The upward pointing arrow indicates an increase and the downward pointing arrow indicates decrease.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Synergistic effect of kaempferol with other natural compounds/drugs. The upward pointing arrow indicates an increase.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Dietary sources of kaempferol.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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