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. 2024 May 10;16(5):e60069.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.60069. eCollection 2024 May.

Analysis of Risk Factors for Death in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Population: Data Analysis from a Large General Hospital in Anhui, China

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Analysis of Risk Factors for Death in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Population: Data Analysis from a Large General Hospital in Anhui, China

Shi Wei et al. Cureus. .

Abstract

During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, clinical prevention, early diagnosis, and hematological monitoring were challenging areas. This study aims to compare risk factors and hematological and biochemical data in non-survivor group patients with COVID-19 versus survivor group patients. A total of 204 patients with COVID-19 were selected as research subjects from December 2022 to January 2023. We analyzed the age, sex, time from onset to admission, and laboratory test indicators upon admission. The differences between surviving and deceased patients and mortality-related risk factors were examined. Among the 204 patients, 168 survived, whereas 36 died during hospitalization. Significant differences were observed between the two groups with COVID-19 across various factors, including age (p < 0.0001), WBC count (p < 0.0001), RBC count (p < 0.05), neutrophils (p < 0.0001), lymphocytes (p < 0.05), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) (p < 0.0001), RBC distribution width-standard deviation (RDW-SD) (p < 0.0001), RBC distribution width coefficient of variation (RDW-CV) (p < 0.0001), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (p < 0.05), albumin (ALB) (p < 0.0001), creatinine (CR) (p < 0.0001), uric acid (UA) (p < 0.0001), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (p < 0.0001), plasma thrombin time (TT) (p < 0.05), prothrombin time (PT) (p < 0.0001), and D-dimer (p < 0.0001). Multivariate logistic analysis revealed that older age, CR, UA, and ALB were independent factors associated with death (p < 0.05). Elderly patients with underlying diseases, abnormal routine blood test indices, and abnormal renal function and coagulation indices are at an increased worse prognosis and should be identified early. Age, UA, CR, and ALB can be used as predictors to assess the worse prognosis in the hospital.

Keywords: clinical chemistry; covid-19; hematological examination; risk factors; severity.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. ROC curve comparing the diagnostic validity of age, ALB, CR, and UA in the prediction of mortality among COVID-19 patients
ALB: albumin; CR: creatinine; UA: uric acid

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