Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2024 May 14;44(1):46.
doi: 10.1007/s10571-024-01481-6.

The Role of Beta2-Microglobulin in Central Nervous System Disease

Zhen-Yuan Liu #  1 , Feng Tang #  1 , Jin-Zhou Yang  1 , Xi Chen  1 , Ze-Fen Wang  2 , Zhi-Qiang Li  3
Affiliations
Review

The Role of Beta2-Microglobulin in Central Nervous System Disease

Zhen-Yuan Liu et al. Cell Mol Neurobiol. .

Abstract

Central nervous system (CNS) disorders represent the leading cause of disability and the second leading cause of death worldwide, and impose a substantial economic burden on society. In recent years, emerging evidence has found that beta2 -microglobulin (B2M), a subunit of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) molecules, plays a crucial role in the development and progression in certain CNS diseases. On the one hand, intracellular B2M was abnormally upregulated in brain tumors and regulated tumor microenvironments and progression. On the other hand, soluble B2M was also elevated and involved in pathological stages in CNS diseases. Targeted B2M therapy has shown promising outcomes in specific CNS diseases. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary and discussion of recent advances in understanding the pathological processes involving B2M in CNS diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's disease, aging, stroke, HIV-related dementia, glioma, and primary central nervous system lymphoma).

Keywords: Beta2-microglobulin; Biomarker; Central nervous system diseases.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flowchart illustrating the process of selecting studies that were included in this review
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The molecular mechanism of B2M in neurons and glioma stem cells
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Abdalla S, Abd-Allah F, Abdel Aziz MI (2015) Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet (London, England) 385(9963):117–171. 10.1016/s0140-6736(14)61682-2 - PMC - PubMed
    1. Adams E, Luoma A (2013) The adaptable major histocompatibility complex (MHC) fold: structure and function of nonclassical and MHC class I-like molecules. Annu Rev Immunol 31:529–561. 10.1146/annurev-immunol-032712-095912 - PubMed
    1. Anderson H, Scarffe J, Swindell R, Crowther D (1983) Serum beta 2-microglobulin in patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol 19(3):327–331. 10.1016/0277-5379(83)90129-3 - PubMed
    1. Anderson R, Lang W, Shiboski S, Royce R, Jewell N, Winkelstein W (1990) Use of beta 2-microglobulin level and CD4 lymphocyte count to predict development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in persons with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Arch Intern Med 150(1):73–77. 10.1001/archinte.1990.00390130083011 - PubMed
    1. Ardeniz Ö, Unger S, Onay H, Ammann S, Keck C, Cianga C, Gerçeker B, Martin B, Fuchs I, Salzer U, İkincioğulları A, Güloğlu D, Dereli T, Thimme R, Ehl S, Schwarz K, Schmitt-Graeff A, Cianga P, Fisch P, Warnatz K (2015) β2-Microglobulin deficiency causes a complex immunodeficiency of the innate and adaptive immune system. J Allergy Clin Immunol 136(2):392–401. 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.12.1937 - PubMed

MeSH terms