ReMIND: The Brain Resection Multimodal Imaging Database

Abstract

The standard of care for brain tumors is maximal safe surgical resection. Neuronavigation augments the surgeon's ability to achieve this but loses validity as surgery progresses due to brain shift. Moreover, gliomas are often indistinguishable from surrounding healthy brain tissue. Intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) and ultrasound (iUS) help visualize the tumor and brain shift. iUS is faster and easier to incorporate into surgical workflows but offers a lower contrast between tumorous and healthy tissues than iMRI. With the success of data-hungry Artificial Intelligence algorithms in medical image analysis, the benefits of sharing well-curated data cannot be overstated. To this end, we provide the largest publicly available MRI and iUS database of surgically treated brain tumors, including gliomas (n = 92), metastases (n = 11), and others (n = 11). This collection contains 369 preoperative MRI series, 320 3D iUS series, 301 iMRI series, and 356 segmentations collected from 114 consecutive patients at a single institution. This database is expected to help brain shift and image analysis research and neurosurgical training in interpreting iUS and iMRI.

Fig. 1

Illustrative example of one dataset - a right frontal lobe recurrent WHO Grade II Oligodendroglioma (IDH-positive, 1p/19q co-deleted). (a) Preoperative contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR; (b) Preoperative T2-weighted MR; (c) Preoperative T2 FLAIR MR; (d) Intraoperative US prior to dural opening; (e) Intraoperative US post dural opening; (f) Intraoperative US prior to iMRI; (g) Intraoperative contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MRI; (h) Intraoperative T2 FLAIR MRI; (i) Intraoperative T2-weighted MRI (BLADE); (j) Cerebrum segmentation on the preoperative contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MRI; (k) Tumor segmentation on the preoperative T2 FLAIR MRI; (l) Residual tumor segmentation on the intraoperative T2 FLAIR MRI.