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Review
. 2024 Feb 27;5(5):405-416.
doi: 10.1002/bco2.340. eCollection 2024 May.

Malignant upper urinary tract obstruction in cancer patients: A systematic review

Max Shah  1 , Francesca Blest  1 , James Blackmur  2   3 , Alexander Laird  4   5 , Shoba Dawson  1 , Jonathan Aning  6   7
Affiliations
Review

Malignant upper urinary tract obstruction in cancer patients: A systematic review

Max Shah et al. BJUI Compass. .

Erratum in

  • Erratum.
    [No authors listed] [No authors listed] BJUI Compass. 2024 Dec 30;5(12):1324-1329. doi: 10.1002/bco2.482. eCollection 2024 Dec. BJUI Compass. 2024. PMID: 39744071 Free PMC article.

Abstract

Objective: To systematically summarise the current clinical evidence for de novo malignant upper urinary tract obstruction treatment with a focus on standards of reporting, patient outcomes and future research needs.

Methods: This review protocol was published via PROSPERO (CRD42022341588). OVID MEDLINE (R), EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials-CENTRAL were searched up to June 2022 in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses. Prospective and retrospective studies were included.

Results: Of 941 articles identified, 82 with 8796 patients were eligible for inclusion.Most studies in the published literature are retrospective and investigate heterogenous malignancies. Percutaneous nephrostomy and ureteric stenting are the most studied interventions. Few studies describe the outcomes from no intervention or investigate patient perspectives. Overall reported median survival after intervention was around 11.7 months. A lack of standardised reporting of outcomes was evident.

Conclusions: Malignant upper urinary tract obstruction is an important clinical condition affecting patients globally. Overall survival after intervention appears poor however the current evidence base has significant limitations due to studies of low methodological quality and the lack of a standardised framework for reporting outcomes.We have provided a pragmatic framework for future studies based on the review to ensure a uniform methodology is utilised moving forward.

Keywords: malignant ureteral obstruction; nephrostomy; reporting framework; ureteric stent; urinary diversion.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no disclosures or conflicts of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
PRISMA flow diagram of evidence acquisition in a systematic review of malignant upper urinary tract obstruction.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Framework for future research. MUUTO, malignant upper urinary tract obstruction.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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