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Meta-Analysis
. 2024 May 16;19(5):e0297878.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297878. eCollection 2024.

Age-effects of sport education model on basic psychological needs and intrinsic motivation of adolescent students: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Jing Dai  1 , Jiayong Chen  1 , Zijing Huang  1 , Yuhuan Chen  1 , Yezi Li  2 , Jian Sun  3 , Duanying Li  3 , Min Lu  3 , Jiancai Chen  4
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Age-effects of sport education model on basic psychological needs and intrinsic motivation of adolescent students: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Jing Dai et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Objective: This study explores the age effects of the sport education model(SEM) on the impact of basic psychological needs (autonomy, competence, relatedness) and intrinsic motivation (interest, enjoyment, satisfaction) among adolescent students.

Method: Retrieval of relevant literature from PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). The search period ranged from the starting year to January 7, 2024. Subsequently, literature screening, data extraction, and quality assessment will be conducted, and data analysis will be performed using "Review Manager 5.4" software.

Result: Overall, SEM has a positive and statistically significant impact on the basic psychological needs (MD = 0.36,95% CI [0.22, 0.50]) and intrinsic motivation (MD = 0.75, 95% CI [0.58, 0.93]) of adolescent students (P<0.01). Subgroup analysis revealed age effects on the impact of SEM on the basic psychological needs of adolescent students: pre-peak height velocity (PRE-PHV) (MD = 0.39, 95% CI [0.23, 0.56], I2 = 45%, P<0.01), mid-peak height velocity (MID-PHV) (MD = 0.22, 95% CI [0.01, 0.42], I2 = 82%, P<0.05), post-peak height velocity (POST-PHV) (MD = 1.27, 95% CI [0.79, 1.74], I2 = 0%, P<0.01). Similarly, age effects were found for intrinsic motivation: MID-PHV (MD = 0.86, 95% CI [0.62, 1.11], I2 = 68%, P<0.01), POST-PHV (MD = 0.56, 95% CI [0.40, 0.72], I2 = 0%, P<0.01).

Conclusion: The SEM is an effective approach to enhancing the basic psychological needs and intrinsic motivation of adolescent students. However, it exhibits age effects among students at different developmental stages. Specifically, in terms of enhancing basic psychological needs, the model has the greatest impact on POST-PHV students, followed by PRE-PHV students, while the improvement effect is relatively lower for MID-PHV students. The enhancement effect on intrinsic motivation diminishes with increasing age.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. PubMed literature search strategy.
Fig 2
Fig 2. PRISMA flow chart for inclusion and exclusion of studies.
Fig 3
Fig 3. Forest plot of basic psychological needs.
Fig 4
Fig 4. Forest Plot of intrinsic motivation.
Fig 5
Fig 5. Funnel plot of basic psychological needs and intrinsic motivation.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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