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. 2025 May;35(5):3331-3342.
doi: 10.1007/s10895-024-03768-9. Epub 2024 May 18.

D-π-A Carbzazole Based Reactive Cyano-Substituted C = C bond Probe for Selective and Sensitive Detection of Hydrazine in Aqueous Media

Jayasudha Palanisamy  1 , Rajakrishnan Rajagopal  2 , Ahmed Alfarhan  2
Affiliations

D-π-A Carbzazole Based Reactive Cyano-Substituted C = C bond Probe for Selective and Sensitive Detection of Hydrazine in Aqueous Media

Jayasudha Palanisamy et al. J Fluoresc. 2025 May.

Abstract

This work established a newly designed and synthesized carbazole N-phenyl π-conjugated vinyl malononitrile (CPM) fluorescent sensor, which showed typical and remarkable redshift emission properties with different polarity index solvents. Investigative probe CPM is colorimetric and fluorimetric ultrafast and ultrasensitive detection of hazardous hydrazine in an aqueous medium. Furthermore, CPM showed colorimetric and fluorometric responses to interference tests with other amines and high selectivity for detecting hydrazine without interference with other amines in colorimetric and fluorimetric methods. This probe CPM for hydrazine was as low as the lower detection limit value of 2.21 × 10- 8 M. The probe CPM expects significant attention due to its simplicity and cost-effectiveness in detecting hazardous hydrazine. UV-vis, PL, NMR, and MS spectra confirmed the mechanism of probe CPM detection of hazardous hydrazine. However, making a piece test kit attractive for practical hydrazine vapor leak-detection applications is easy. This study can be applied to many pipeline gas transmission industries and transportation facility sectors.

Keywords: Carbazole; Fluorescent probe; Hydrazine; Malononitrile; Solvotochromisum.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Ethical Approval: Not applicable. Consent to Participate: Informed consent obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Consent for Publication: Not applicable. Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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