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. 2024 May 16;53(3):297-305.
doi: 10.3724/zdxbyxb-2023-0533.

Benefit from luteal phase progestin primed ovarian stimulation with clomiphene citrate supplementation in young women with diminished ovarian reserve: a retrospective study

[Article in English, Chinese]
Qianqian Chen  1 , Xuefeng Huang  2 , Haiyan Yang  2 , Yue Lin  3
Affiliations

Benefit from luteal phase progestin primed ovarian stimulation with clomiphene citrate supplementation in young women with diminished ovarian reserve: a retrospective study

[Article in English, Chinese]
Qianqian Chen et al. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. .

Abstract
in English, Chinese

Objectives: To compare the pregnancy outcomes of luteal phase and follicular phase progestin-primed ovarian stimulation protocol with clomiphene citrate supplementation (LPPOS+CC and FPPOS+CC) in young women with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR).

Methods: A total of 483 women aged ≤35 years with DOR, who underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)/embryo transfer (ET) with controlled ovarian stimulation using LPPOS+CC (n=257) or FPPOS+CC (n=226) protocols during June 2018 and December 2021 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, were included in this retrospective study. The baseline characteristics, superovulation results, laboratory related indicators between the two groups, and the pregnancy outcomes of women who achieved at least one high-quality cleavage-stage embryo or good-morphology blastocyst were compared between the two groups.

Results: No statistically significant differences were identified between the groups with respect to age, duration of infertility, proportion of secondary infertility, previous failed cycles, body mass index, anti-Müllerian hormone, antral follicle count, basal luteinizing hormone level, basal progesterone level, number of oocytes retrieved, oocyte maturation rate, high-quality cleavage-stage embryo cycle rate, the percentage of women with profound pituitary suppression, live birth rate and preterm birth rate (all P>0.05). The LH levels on the day of trigger [4.0 (2.7, 5.3) vs. 5.1 (3.2, 7.2) IU/L], the percentage of women with LH levels of >10 IU/L on the trigger day (3.13% vs. 10.67%), and the two pronucleus (2PN) rate of ICSI oocytes (72.16% vs. 79.56%) were significantly lower in the LPPOS+CC group than those in the FPPOS+CC group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The duration of stimulation [11 (9, 12) vs. 9 (8, 11) d], the consumption of total gonadotropin [2213 (1650, 2700) vs. 2000 (1575, 2325) IU], the progesterone levels on the day of trigger [1.3 (0.8, 2.9) vs. 0.9 (0.6, 1.2) ng/mL], the clinical pregnancy rate [61.88% vs. 46.84%], and implantation rate [42.20% vs. 31.07%] in the LPPOS+CC group were significantly higher than those in the FPPOS+CC group (all P<0.01).

Conclusions: Compared to FPPOS+CC, the LPPOS+CC protocol appears to have better pregnancy outcomes for young women with DOR undergoing IVF/ICSI-ET.

目的: 比较卵泡期和黄体期启动高孕激素状态超促排卵（PPOS）方案在35岁及以下卵巢储备功能减退（DOR）患者中的应用效果。方法: 回顾性分析2018年6月至2021年12月在温州医科大学附属第一医院生殖医学中心采用PPOS方案行体外受精/卵胞质内单精子注射-胚胎移植的483例35岁及以下DOR患者的资料，其中采用卵泡期PPOS方案226例（FPPOS+CC组），黄体期PPOS方案257例（LPPOS+CC组）。比较两组的基线特征、超促排卵结果和实验室相关指标，并比较获得第三天（以下简称D3）优质胚胎的患者超促排卵后第一次冻融胚胎移植的妊娠结局。结果: 两组间年龄、不孕年限、继发不孕占比、既往治疗周期数、体重指数、抗米勒管激素、窦状卵泡数、基础黄体生成素、基础孕酮水平、平均获卵数、MⅡ卵率、D3优质胚胎率、深度垂体抑制发生率、活产率和早产率等差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。与FPPOS+CC组比较，LPPOS+CC组诱发排卵日黄体生成素（LH）水平［分别为4.0（2.7，5.3）和5.1（3.2，7.2）IU/L］、早发LH峰发生率（分别为3.13%和10.67%）、卵胞质内单精子注射双原核受精率（分别为72.16%和79.56%）均更低（P<0.05或P<0.01），而促性腺激素（Gn）天数［分别为11（9，12）和9（8，11）d］、Gn总量［分别为2213（1650，2700）和2000（1575，2325）IU］、诱发排卵日孕酮水平［分别为1.3（0.8，2.9）和0.9（0.6，1.2）ng/mL］、冻融胚胎移植的临床妊娠率（分别为61.88%和46.84%）和着床率（分别为42.20%和31.07%）均更高（均P<0.01）。结论: 35岁及以下DOR患者采用LPPOS+CC方案后冻融胚胎移植临床妊娠结局更佳。.

Keywords: Diminished ovarian reserve; Embryo transfer; Follicular phase,progestin; Luteal phase, ovulatian; Pregnancy outcome.

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Conflict of interest statement

所有作者均声明不存在利益冲突

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests

Figures

图1
图1. 两组促排卵过程中血清LH和孕酮水平动态变化情况比较
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