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. 2024 May 19;14(1):11433.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-61372-0.

Multi-disciplinary strategy to optimize irrigation efficiency in irrigated agriculture

Ayman Batisha  1   2
Affiliations

Multi-disciplinary strategy to optimize irrigation efficiency in irrigated agriculture

Ayman Batisha. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

Equilibrium among water, food, energy, and climate actions is necessary for life to exist, quality, and sustainability. This article explored how to ensure sustainability, and equilibrium in the irrigation processes by proposing irrigation equilibrium indicators (IEIs) for sustainable irrigated agriculture (SIA). The primary purpose of IEIs is to achieve a state of sustainable climate and environmental balance. The pressures driving agriculture and irrigation professionals to enhance the irrigation scheme performance are tremendous in all agricultural communities. Monitoring, assessment, and improvement of agriculture practices and irrigation schemes for enhancing the Climate, water, food, and energy (CWFE) nexus is a must. As an auspicious climate action, IEIs were developed to enhance the irrigation scheme's efficiency, within the scope of SIA. Subsequently, water, agricultural, food, and energy productivity could be optimized. Then, the appropriate equilibrium indicators could identify the actual performance of the CWFE nexus as a whole and the performance of each component. The effective irrigation scheme is the backbone of SIA. IEIs could measure the degree of achieving the overall and specific objectives and designated irrigation processes. The ultimate measure of equilibrium is optimizing sustainable agricultural yields and productivity, ensuring environmental balance, strengthening life quality, and maximizing economic returns.

Keywords: Climate, water, food, and energy (CWFE) nexus; Efficiency; Global goals (GGs); Irrigation equilibrium indicators (IEIs); Sustainable irrigated agriculture (SIA); Water organizations.

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Conflict of interest statement

The author declares no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Analytical framework for Irrigation equilibrium indicators (IEIs).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Methodology of design key equilibrium indicators.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Overall irrigation efficiency for an irrigation scheme with five sections.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Overall irrigation efficiency for an irrigation scheme.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Objective hierarchy of climate, water, food, and energy (CWFE) nexus.
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