Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Meta-Analysis
. 2024 May 21;5(5):CD001837.
doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001837.pub4.

Interventions for smoking cessation in hospitalised patients

Joanna M Streck  1   2 , Nancy A Rigotti  2 , Jonathan Livingstone-Banks  3 , Hilary A Tindle  4 , Carole Clair  5 , Marcus R Munafò  6 , Cecely Sterling-Maisel  7 , Jamie Hartmann-Boyce  3   8
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Interventions for smoking cessation in hospitalised patients

Joanna M Streck et al. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. .

Abstract

Background: In 2020, 32.6% of the world's population used tobacco. Smoking contributes to many illnesses that require hospitalisation. A hospital admission may prompt a quit attempt. Initiating smoking cessation treatment, such as pharmacotherapy and/or counselling, in hospitals may be an effective preventive health strategy. Pharmacotherapies work to reduce withdrawal/craving and counselling provides behavioural skills for quitting smoking. This review updates the evidence on interventions for smoking cessation in hospitalised patients, to understand the most effective smoking cessation treatment methods for hospitalised smokers.

Objectives: To assess the effects of any type of smoking cessation programme for patients admitted to an acute care hospital.

Search methods: We used standard, extensive Cochrane search methods. The latest search date was 7 September 2022.

Selection criteria: We included randomised and quasi-randomised studies of behavioural, pharmacological or multicomponent interventions to help patients admitted to hospital quit. Interventions had to start in the hospital (including at discharge), and people had to have smoked within the last month. We excluded studies in psychiatric, substance and rehabilitation centres, as well as studies that did not measure abstinence at six months or longer.

Data collection and analysis: We used standard Cochrane methods. Our primary outcome was abstinence from smoking assessed at least six months after discharge or the start of the intervention. We used the most rigorous definition of abstinence, preferring biochemically-validated rates where reported. We used GRADE to assess the certainty of the evidence.

Main results: We included 82 studies (74 RCTs) that included 42,273 participants in the review (71 studies, 37,237 participants included in the meta-analyses); 36 studies are new to this update. We rated 10 studies as being at low risk of bias overall (low risk in all domains assessed), 48 at high risk of bias overall (high risk in at least one domain), and the remaining 24 at unclear risk. Cessation counselling versus no counselling, grouped by intensity of intervention Hospitalised patients who received smoking cessation counselling that began in the hospital and continued for more than a month after discharge had higher quit rates than patients who received no counselling in the hospital or following hospitalisation (risk ratio (RR) 1.36, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.24 to 1.49; 28 studies, 8234 participants; high-certainty evidence). In absolute terms, this might account for an additional 76 quitters in every 1000 participants (95% CI 51 to 103). The evidence was uncertain (very low-certainty) about the effects of counselling interventions of less intensity or shorter duration (in-hospital only counselling ≤ 15 minutes: RR 1.52, 95% CI 0.80 to 2.89; 2 studies, 1417 participants; and in-hospital contact plus follow-up counselling support for ≤ 1 month: RR 1.04, 95% CI 0.90 to 1.20; 7 studies, 4627 participants) versus no counselling. There was moderate-certainty evidence, limited by imprecision, that smoking cessation counselling for at least 15 minutes in the hospital without post-discharge support led to higher quit rates than no counselling in the hospital (RR 1.27, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.58; 12 studies, 4432 participants). Pharmacotherapy versus placebo or no pharmacotherapy Nicotine replacement therapy helped more patients to quit than placebo or no pharmacotherapy (RR 1.33, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.67; 8 studies, 3838 participants; high-certainty evidence). In absolute terms, this might equate to an additional 62 quitters per 1000 participants (95% CI 9 to 126). There was moderate-certainty evidence, limited by imprecision (as CI encompassed the possibility of no difference), that varenicline helped more hospitalised patients to quit than placebo or no pharmacotherapy (RR 1.29, 95% CI 0.96 to 1.75; 4 studies, 829 participants). Evidence for bupropion was low-certainty; the point estimate indicated a modest benefit at best, but CIs were wide and incorporated clinically significant harm and clinically significant benefit (RR 1.11, 95% CI 0.86 to 1.43, 4 studies, 872 participants). Hospital-only intervention versus intervention that continues after hospital discharge Patients offered both smoking cessation counselling and pharmacotherapy after discharge had higher quit rates than patients offered counselling in hospital but not offered post-discharge support (RR 1.23, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.38; 7 studies, 5610 participants; high-certainty evidence). In absolute terms, this might equate to an additional 34 quitters per 1000 participants (95% CI 13 to 55). Post-discharge interventions offering real-time counselling without pharmacotherapy (RR 1.23, 95% CI 0.95 to 1.60, 8 studies, 2299 participants; low certainty-evidence) and those offering unscheduled counselling without pharmacotherapy (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.83 to 1.14; 2 studies, 1598 participants; very low-certainty evidence) may have little to no effect on quit rates compared to control. Telephone quitlines versus control To provide post-discharge support, hospitals may refer patients to community-based telephone quitlines. Both comparisons relating to these interventions had wide CIs encompassing both possible harm and possible benefit, and were judged to be of very low certainty due to imprecision, inconsistency, and risk of bias (post-discharge telephone counselling versus quitline referral: RR 1.23, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.51; 3 studies, 3260 participants; quitline referral versus control: RR 1.17, 95% CI 0.70 to 1.96; 2 studies, 1870 participants).

Authors' conclusions: Offering hospitalised patients smoking cessation counselling beginning in hospital and continuing for over one month after discharge increases quit rates, compared to no hospital intervention. Counselling provided only in hospital, without post-discharge support, may have a modest impact on quit rates, but evidence is less certain. When all patients receive counselling in the hospital, high-certainty evidence indicates that providing both counselling and pharmacotherapy after discharge increases quit rates compared to no post-discharge intervention. Starting nicotine replacement or varenicline in hospitalised patients helps more patients to quit smoking than a placebo or no medication, though evidence for varenicline is only moderate-certainty due to imprecision. There is less evidence of benefit for bupropion in this setting. Some of our evidence was limited by imprecision (bupropion versus placebo and varenicline versus placebo), risk of bias, and inconsistency related to heterogeneity. Future research is needed to identify effective strategies to implement, disseminate, and sustain interventions, and to ensure cessation counselling and pharmacotherapy initiated in the hospital is sustained after discharge.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00937508 NCT02099097 NCT02106637.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

JS has no known conflicts.

NAR has co‐authored Cochrane Reviews of e‐cigarettes for smoking cessation, and has received royalties from UpToDate (WoltersKluwer.com), an online medical textbook, for writing sections on smoking cessation treatment (personal payment). She received consulting fees from Achieve Life Sciences for the development of cytisinicline (also known as cytisine, an investigational smoking cessation medication that is not discussed in this review) and for serving as a member of Data Safety Monitoring Boards for 2 clinical trials (personal payments). Her institution (MGH) received funding from Achieve Life Sciences to conduct a clinical trial of the medication for smoking cessation and a Small Business grant from NIH/NIDA with NAR as one of two Principal Investigators to conduct a clinical trial of the medication for cessation of nicotine e‐cigarette use. She was the site PI and overall PI for both studies.

NAR was involved in six studies, all randomised controlled trials, included in this review. The studies and their funders are listed below. None of the funders had a role in study design, conduct, analysis, or decision to publish. NAR was not involved in study selection, data extraction, assessment of risk of bias or rating the certainty of the evidence for these studies (these tasks were performed by two independent review authors ‐ JS and CC).

  1. Rigotti 1994 ‐ Funder: American Heart Association

  2. Rigotti 1997 ‐ Funder: research grant from the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, USA

  3. Rigotti 2006 ‐ Funder: Grant from National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) of the National Institutes of Health, USA

  4. Rigotti 2014a ‐ Funder: Grants from NHLBI

  5. Rigotti 2016a ‐ Funder: Grant from NHLBI

  6. Rigotti 2022 ‐ Funder: Grant from NHLBI

JLB is an Associate Editor with Cochrane. He was not involved in the editorial process for this review. JLB has no conflicts of interest.

HT has served as an unpaid consultant for Achieve Life Sciences (specifically, volunteered scientific input into the design of a phase 3 trial) and has received nonfinancial support from Pfizer for a clinical study (specifically, donated varenicline medication for cancer patients who smoked at her institution). She also served as a multiple Principal Investigator or co‐investigator on studies that were included in this review (Rigotti 2022; Rigotti 2016a ‐ funder as above). HT was not involved in study selection, data extraction, assessment of risk of bias or rating the certainty of the evidence for these studies (these tasks were performed by two independent review authors ‐ JS and CC). HT is a healthcare professional and member of the faculty, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center.

CC works as General Internist at Unisanté, Lausanne, Switzerland. CC declares that she has received honoraria from Elli‐Lilly and Septodont for two presentations in 2023 (these presentations were not related to smoking cessation; they were clinical courses on the impact of sex and gender on health); paid to institution but CC benefited.

MRM has received grant funding from Pfizer through their Investigator‐Initiated Research programme.

CS‐M: has no known conflicts.

JHB has received grant funding from Cancer Research UK and the National Institute for Health Research on related topics, but that have not directly supported this work (paid to institution). She is an Editor with the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group but was not involved in the editorial process for this review.

Figures

1
1
PRISMA flow diagram.
2
2
Summary of risk of bias ratings for included studies
3
3
Risk of bias ratings for each included study
4
4
Funnel plot of comparison: Cessation counselling versus no counselling, grouped by intensity of intervention, outcome: 1.1 Quit at longest follow‐up (6 + months) Abbreviations
RR: risk ratio; SE: standard error; vs: versus
1.1
1.1. Analysis
Comparison 1: Smoking cessation counselling versus no smoking cessation counselling, grouped by intensity of counselling intervention, Outcome 1: Quit at longest follow‐up (6 + months)
2.1
2.1. Analysis
Comparison 2: Pharmacotherapy versus no pharmacotherapy or placebo (systematically varied by group), Outcome 1: Quit at longest follow‐up (6 + months)
3.1
3.1. Analysis
Comparison 3: Hospital‐only intervention versus intervention that continues after hospital discharge, Outcome 1: Behavioural support
3.2
3.2. Analysis
Comparison 3: Hospital‐only intervention versus intervention that continues after hospital discharge, Outcome 2: Combined (pharmacotherapy + behavioural) support versus no support post‐discharge
4.1
4.1. Analysis
Comparison 4: Telephone quitlines versus control, Outcome 1: Quitline referral vs control
4.2
4.2. Analysis
Comparison 4: Telephone quitlines versus control, Outcome 2: Health system telephone counselling vs quitline
5.1
5.1. Analysis
Comparison 5: Subgroup analyses: interest in quitting smoking, Outcome 1: Asynchronous behavioural support
5.2
5.2. Analysis
Comparison 5: Subgroup analyses: interest in quitting smoking, Outcome 2: Bupropion vs placebo or no bupropion
5.3
5.3. Analysis
Comparison 5: Subgroup analyses: interest in quitting smoking, Outcome 3: Varenicline vs placebo or no varenicline
5.4
5.4. Analysis
Comparison 5: Subgroup analyses: interest in quitting smoking, Outcome 4: Combined (pharmacotherapy + behavioural) support vs neither
6.1
6.1. Analysis
Comparison 6: Intervention versus control, by intervention intensity within diagnostic subgroups, Outcome 1: Patients with cardiovascular disease
6.2
6.2. Analysis
Comparison 6: Intervention versus control, by intervention intensity within diagnostic subgroups, Outcome 2: Patients with respiratory disease
6.3
6.3. Analysis
Comparison 6: Intervention versus control, by intervention intensity within diagnostic subgroups, Outcome 3: Patients with stroke
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Update of

References

References to studies included in this review

Abroug 2020 {published data only}
    1. Abroug H, Hraiech A El, Mehrez O, Fredj MB, Zemni I, Salah AB, et al. Acute coronary syndrome: factors predicting smoking cessation. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2020;26(3):315-22. - PubMed
Berndt 2017a {published data only}
    1. Berndt N, Bolman C, Froelicher ES, Mudde A, Candel M, De Vries H, et al. Effectiveness of a telephone delivered and a face-to-face delivered counseling intervention for smoking cessation in patients with coronary heart disease: a 6-month follow-up. Journal of Behavioral Medicine 2014;37(4):709-24. [CENTRAL: 1000936] [PMID: ] - PubMed
    1. Berndt N, Bolman C, Froelicher ES, Mudde A, Candel M, De Vries H, et al. Effectiveness of a telephone delivered and a face-to-face delivered counseling intervention for smoking cessation in patients with coronary heart disease: a 6-month follow-up. Journal of Behavioral Medicine 2014;37(4):709-24. - PubMed
    1. Berndt N, Bolman C, Lechner L, Max W, Mudde A, De Vries H, et al. Economic evaluation of a telephone- and face-to-face-delivered counseling intervention for smoking cessation in patients with coronary heart disease. European Journal of Health Economics 2016;17(3):269-85. [CENTRAL: 1141207] [EMBASE: 2015857143] [PMID: ] - PubMed
    1. Berndt N, Bolman C, Lechner L, Mudde A, Verheugt FW, De Vries H. Effectiveness of two intensive treatment methods for smoking cessation and relapse prevention in patients with coronary heart disease: study protocol and baseline description. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders 2012;12:33. [CENTRAL: 840357] [EMBASE: 2012574240] [PMID: ] - PMC - PubMed
    1. Berndt N, De Vries H, Lechner L, Van Acker F, Froelicher ES, Verheugt F, et al. High intensity smoking cessation interventions: cardiac patients of low socioeconomic status and low intention to quit profit most. Netherlands Heart Journal 2017;25(1):24-32. - PMC - PubMed
Bolman 2002 {published data only}
    1. Bolman C, De Vries H, Van Breukelen G. A minimal-contact intervention for cardiac inpatients: long-term effects on smoking cessation. Preventive Medicine 2002;35:181-92. - PubMed
    1. Bolman C, De Vries H, Van Breukelen G. Evaluation of a nurse-managed minimal-contact smoking cessation intervention for cardiac inpatients. Health Education Research 2002;17:99-116. - PubMed
    1. Spencer L, Anderson DRE. A minimal-contact intervention for cardiac inpatients: long-term effects on smoking cessation. American Journal of Health Promotion 2004;18:399-400.
Borglykke 2008 {published data only}
    1. Borglykke A, Pisinger C, Jorgensen T, Ibsen H. The effectiveness of smoking cessation groups offered to hospitalised patients with symptoms of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Clinical Respiratory Journal 2008;2(3):158-65. - PubMed
Brandstein 2012 {published data only}
    1. Brandstein K. A proactive smoking cessation intervention with hospitalized smokers: a randomized controlled trial. Dissertation Abstracts International 2012;72(8-B):4600. [CENTRAL: 814369]
Brunner‐Frandsen 2012 {published data only}
    1. Brunner-Frandsen N, Sorensen M, Hyldahl TK, Henriksen RM, Bak S. Smoking cessation intervention after ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack. A randomized controlled pilot trial. Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2012;14(4):443-7. - PubMed
    1. Brunner-Frandsen NS, Bak S. Smoking cessation intervention after stroke or transient ischemic attack. A randomised controlled trial. Cerebrovascular Diseases 2010;29(323):443-7. - PubMed
Busch 2017 {published data only}
    1. Busch AM, Tooley EM, Dunsiger S, Chattillion EA, Srour JF, Pagoto SL, et al. Behavioral activation for smoking cessation and mood management following a cardiac event: results of a pilot randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health 2017;17(1):323. - PMC - PubMed
Campbell 1991 {published data only}
    1. Campbell IA, Prescott RJ, Tjeder-Burton SM. Smoking cessation in hospital patients given repeated advice plus nicotine or placebo chewing gum. Respiratory Medicine 1991;85:155-7. - PubMed
Campbell 1996 {published data only}
    1. Campbell IA, Prescott RJ, Tjeder-Burton SM. Transdermal nicotine plus support in patients attending hospital with smoking related diseases - a placebo controlled study. Respiratory Medicine 1996;90(1):47-51. - PubMed
Campos 2018 {published data only}
    1. Campos ACF, Martins LVO, Yano RN, Alvim RNT, Silva EN, Silva VA, et al. Comparison of two strategies for smoking cessation in hospitalized patients. European Heart Journal 2014;35:903.
    1. Campos ACF, Martins LVO, Yano RN, Alvim RNT, Silva EN, Silva VA, et al. Comparison of two strategies for smoking cessation in hospitalized patients. European Heart Journal 2014;35:903. [EMBASE: 71650114]
    1. Campos ACF, Nani ASF, Fonseca VADS, Silva EN, Castro MCS, Martins WA. Comparison of two smoking cessation interventions for inpatients. Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia 2018;44(3):195-201. - PMC - PubMed
Carson‐Chahhoud 2020 {published data only}
    1. Brinn M, Daziel K, Carson K, Labiszewski N, Esterman A, Smith B. Cost effectiveness of an inpatient smoking cessation intervention for patients with tobacco related illnesses (Stop Trial): a multi-centre RCT [Abstract]. Respirology 2013;18(Suppl 2):16 [O027]. [CENTRAL: 849080] [EMBASE: 71010964]
    1. Carson K, Brinn M, Peters M, Fitridge R, Koblar S, Jannes J, et al. Superiority of a course of varenicline tartrate plus counselling over counselling alone for smoking cessation: a 24-month randomised controlled trial for inpatients. Respirology 2016;21(Suppl 2):45. [CENTRAL: 1167752] [EMBASE: 72316556] - PubMed
    1. Carson K, Brinn M, Peters M, Fitridge R, Koblar S, Jannes J, et al. Superiority of a course of varenicline tartrate plus counselling over counselling alone for smoking cessation: a 24-month randomised controlled trial for inpatients. Respirology 2016;21(Suppl 2):45. - PubMed
    1. Carson KV, Brinn MP, Smith BJ, Garside CG, Goldsworthy SJ, Fitridge RA, et al. Varenicline tartrate and counselling versus counselling alone in a randomised controlled trial for inpatient smoking cessation: 3 month interim results. Respirology (Conference: 2010 Annual Scientific Meetings of the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand (TSANZ) and the Australian and New Zealand Society of Respiratory Science (ANZSRS), Brisbane 2010 Brisbane, QLD Australia. Conference Start: 2010) 2010;15(Suppl 1):A30.
    1. Carson KV, Brinn MP, Smith BJ, Garside CG, Goldsworthy SJ, Fitridge RA. Varenicline tartrate and counselling versus counselling alone in a randomised controlled trial for inpatient smoking cessation: 3 month interim results [Abstract]. Respirology 2010;15(Suppl 1):A30.
Caruthers 2006 {unpublished data only}
    1. Caruthers D, Perkins K, Sereika S, Albrecht S, Dunbar-Jacob J. Enhancing tobacco abstinence following hospitalization (POS1-59). In: Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco 12th Annual Meeting February 15-18, Orlando, Florida. 2006.
CASIS 1992 {published data only}
    1. Ockene JK, Kristeller J, Goldberg R, Ockene IS, Merriam P, Barrett S, et al. Smoking cessation and severity of disease: the coronary artery smoking intervention study. Health Psychology 1992;11:119-26. - PubMed
    1. Rosal MC, Ockene JK, Ma YS, Hebert JR, Ockene IS, Merriam P, et al. Coronary Artery Smoking Intervention Study (CASIS): 5-year follow-up. Health Psychology 1998;17(5):476-8. - PubMed
Cherrington 2015a {published data only}
    1. Cherrington A, Williams JH, Foster PP, Coley HL, Kohler C, Allison JJ, et al. Narratives to enhance smoking cessation interventions among African-American smokers, the ACCE project. BMC Research Notes 2015;8:567. [CENTRAL: 1169421] [PMID: ] - PMC - PubMed
    1. Williams JH, Green MC, Kohler C, Allison JJ, Houston TK. Stories to communicate risks about tobacco: development of a brief scale to measure transportation into a video story - the ACCE Project. Health Education Journal 2011;70(2):184-91. [CENTRAL: 894581] [EMBASE: 2011340096] [231]
Chouinard 2005 {published data only}
    1. Chouinard MC, Robichaud-Ekstrand S. Predictive value of the transtheoretical model to smoking cessation in hospitalized patients with cardiovascular disease. European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation 2007;14(1):51-8. - PubMed
    1. Chouinard MC, Robichaud-Ekstrand S. The effectiveness of a nursing inpatient smoking cessation program in individuals with cardiovascular disease. Nursing Research 2005;54(4):243-54. - PubMed
Cossette 2011 {published data only}
    1. Cossette S, Frasure-Smith N, Robert M, Chouinard MC, Juneau M, Guertin MC, et al. A pilot randomized trial of a smoking cessation nursing intervention in cardiac patients after hospital discharge. Journal Canadien en Soins Infirmiers Cardio-vasculaires [Canadian Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing] 2012;22(4):16-26. [CENTRAL: 873507] [EMBASE: 23488362] [PMID: ] - PubMed
    1. Cossette S, Frasure-Smith N, Robert M, Chouinard MC, Juneau M, Guertin MCal. [A pre assessment for nursing intervention to support tobacco cessation in patients hospitalized for cardiac problems: a pilot study (So-Live)]. [French]. Recherche En Soins Infirmiers 2011;2(105):60-75. - PubMed
Croghan 2005 {unpublished data only}
    1. Croghan GA, Croghan IT, Frost MH, Sloan JA, Novotny PJ, Nelson MA, et al. Smoking cessation interventions and post-operative outcomes in esophageal and lung cancer patients [POS3-101]. In: Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco 11th Annual Meeting, 20-23 March; Prague, Czech Republic. 2005:139.
Cummins 2016a {published data only}
    1. Cummins S, Zhu SH, Gamst A, Kirby C, Brandstein K, Klonoff-Cohen H, et al. Nicotine patches and quitline counseling to help hospitalized smokers stay quit: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2012;13(1):128. [CENTRAL: 853500] [EMBASE: 2012559958] [PMID: ] - PMC - PubMed
    1. Cummins S, Zhu SH, Gamst A, Kirby C, Brandstein K, Klonoff-Cohen H, et al. Nicotine patches and quitline counseling to help hospitalized smokers stay quit: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2012;13(1):128. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Cummins SE, Gamst AC, Brandstein K, Seymann GB, Klonoff-Cohen H, Kirby CA, et al. Helping hospitalized smokers: a factorial randomized controlled trial of nicotine patches and counseling. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 2016;51(4):578-86. - PMC - PubMed
    1. NCT01289275. Smoking cessation in hospitalized smokers. clinicaltrials.gov/show/nct01289275 (first received 3 February 2011).
De Azevedo 2010 {published data only}
    1. De Azevedo RCS, Mauro MLF, Lima DD, Gaspar KC, Da Silva VF, Botega NJ. General hospital admission as an opportunity for smoking-cessation strategies: a clinical trial in Brazil. General Hospital Psychiatry 2010;32(6):599-606. - PubMed
DeBusk 1994 {published data only}
    1. DeBusk RF, Houston-Miller N, Superko HR, Dennis CA, Thomas RJ, Lew HT, et al. A case-management system for coronary risk factor modification after acute myocardial infarction. Annals of Internal Medicine 1994;120(9):721-9. - PubMed
Dornelas 2000 {published data only}
    1. Dornelas EA, Sampson RA, Gray JF, Waters D, Thompson PD. A randomized controlled trial of smoking cessation counseling after myocardial infarction. Preventive Medicine 2000;30:261-8. - PubMed
Eisenberg 2013a {published data only}
    1. Eisenberg MJ, Grandi SM, Gervais A, Joseph L, O'Loughlin J, Paradis G, et al. Bupropion for smoking cessation in patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Canadian Journal of Cardiology 2011;27(5 SUPPL 1):S344. - PubMed
    1. Eisenberg MJ, Grandi SM, Gervais A, Joseph L, O'Loughlin J, Paradis G, et al. Bupropion for smoking cessation in patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Canadian Journal of Cardiology 2011;27(5 SUPPL 1):S344. [CENTRAL: 814579] [6968] - PubMed
    1. Eisenberg MJ, Grandi SM, Gervais A, O'Loughlin J, Paradis G, Rinfret S, et al. Bupropion for smoking cessation in patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2013;61(5):524-32. - PubMed
    1. Eisenberg MJ, Grandi SM, Gervais A, O'Loughlin J, Paradis G, Rinfret S, et al. Bupropion for smoking cessation in patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2013;61(5):524-32. [CENTRAL: 848271] [EMBASE: 2013073386] [PMID: ] - PubMed
    1. Filion KB, Grandi SM, Joseph L, O'Loughlin J, Paradis G, Pilote L, et al. The effect of bupropion on symptoms of depression among patients attempting to quit smoking post-myocardial infarction: the Zesca trial. Circulation 2012;125(10 SUPPL. 1):no pagination.
Ellerbeck 2019 {published data only}
    1. Ellerbeck EF, Sanderson Cox L, Hui Siu-kuen A, Keighley J, Hutcheson T, Fitzgerald SA, et al. Impact of adding telephone-based care coordination to standard telephone-based smoking cessation counseling post-hospital discharge: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of General Internal Medicine 2019;34(12):2804–11. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Tague C, Richter KP, Cox LS, Keighley J, Hutcheson T, Fitzgerald SA, et al. Impact of telephone-based care coordination on use of cessation medications post-hospital discharge: a randomized controlled trial. Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2016;19(3):299–306. [PMID: ] - PMC - PubMed
Feeney 2001 {published data only}
    1. Feeney GF, McPherson A, Connor JP, McAlister A, Young MR, Garrahy P. Randomized controlled trial of two cigarette quit programmes in coronary care patients after acute myocardial infarction. Internal Medicine Journal 2001;31(8):470-5. - PubMed
Fellows 2016a {published data only}
    1. Fellows JL, Mularski R, Waiwaiole L, Funkhouser K, Mitchell J, Arnold K, et al. Health and economic effects from linking bedside and outpatient tobacco cessation services for hospitalized smokers in two large hospitals: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2012;13:129. [CENTRAL: 863872] [PMID: ] - PMC - PubMed
    1. Fellows JL, Mularski RA, Leo MC, Bentz CJ, Waiwaiole LA, Francisco MC, et al. Referring hospitalized smokers to outpatient quit services: a randomized trial. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 2016;51(4):609-19. [PMID: ] - PMC - PubMed
    1. Mularski RA, Leo MC, Waiwaiole LA, Carlson CA, Conn DE, Funkhouser KA, et al. Linking in-hospital smoking cessation assistance with outpatient services and automated telephone follow-up using dedicated nurse tobacco treatment specialists: a randomized controlled trial. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 2013;187(Meeting Abstracts):A3905. [CENTRAL: 990227] [EMBASE: 71983404]
    1. NCT01691105. Implementation of HIT-enhanced tobacco treatment for hospitalized smokers. clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01691105 (first received 24 September 2013).
Froelicher 2004 {published data only}
    1. Froelicher ES, Christopherson DJ, Miller NH, Martin K. Women's initiative for nonsmoking (WINS) IV: description of 277 women smokers hospitalized with cardiovascular disease. Heart & Lung 2002;31:3-14. - PubMed
    1. Froelicher ES, Christopherson DJ. Women's Initiative for Nonsmoking (WINS) I: design and methods. Heart & Lung 2000;29(6):429-37. - PubMed
    1. Froelicher ES, Li WW, Mahrer-Imhof R, Christopherson D, Stewart AL. Women's Initiative for Non-Smoking (WINS) VI: reliability and validity of health and psychosocial measures in women smokers with cardiovascular disease. Heart & Lung 2004;33(3):162-75. - PubMed
    1. Li WW, Froelicher ES. Predictors of smoking relapse in women with cardiovascular disease in a 30-month study: extended analysis. Heart and Lung: Journal of Acute and Critical Care 2008;37(6):455-65. - PubMed
    1. Mahrer-Imhof R, Froelicher ES, Li WW, Parker KM, Benowitz N. Women's Initiative for Nonsmoking (WINS) V: under-use of nicotine replacement therapy. Heart & Lung 2002;31:368-73. - PubMed
Garcia‐Pazo 2021 {published data only}
    1. Garcia-Pazo P, Sese A, Llabres J, Fornes-Vives J. Nofumo+: a clinical trial of an mhealth for smoking cessation with hospitalized patients. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021;18(19):1-14. - PMC - PubMed
    1. NCT04502004. Smoking cessation in hospitalized patients using an app. https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT04502004 (first received 6 August 2020).
Hajek 2002 {published data only}
    1. Hajek P, Taylor TZ, Mills P. Brief intervention during hospital admission to help patients to give up smoking after myocardial infarction and bypass surgery: randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2002;324:87-9. - PMC - PubMed
Harrington 2016 {published data only}
    1. Harrington KF, Kim Y, Chen M, Ramachandran R, Pisu M, Sadasivam RS, et al. Web-based intervention for transitioning smokers from inpatient to outpatient care: an RCT. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 2016;51(4):620-9. - PubMed
    1. Harrington KF, McDougal JA, Pisu M, Zhang B, Sadasivam RS, Houston TK, et al. Web-based smoking cessation intervention that transitions from inpatient to outpatient: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2012;13:123. [CENTRAL: 850417] [EMBASE: 2013011305] [PMID: ] - PMC - PubMed
    1. Kathleen FH, Young-IlK, Meifang C, Rekha R, Maria P, Rajani SS, et al. Web-based intervention for transitioning smokers from inpatient to outpatient care: an RCT. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 2016;51(4):620-9. - PubMed
    1. NCT01277250. Web-based smoking cessation intervention: transition from inpatient to outpatient. clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01277250 (first received 14 January 2011).
Hasan 2014a {published data only}
    1. Hasan FM, Saiyed S, Pischke K, Macys D, Bettencourt AM, Beal L. Non-pharmacologic therapy for smoking cessation of hospitalized patients: a role for hypnotherapy [Abstract]. In: American Thoracic Society International Conference, May 15-20 2009, San Diego. Vol. 179. 2009:A3959.
    1. Hasan FM, Zagarins SE, Pischke KM, Saiyed S, Bettencourt AM, Beal L, et al. Hypnotherapy is more effective than nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation: results of a randomized controlled trial. Complementary Therapies in Medicine 2014;22(1):1-8. [CENTRAL: 982142] - PubMed
Hasuo 2004 {published data only}
    1. Hasuo S, Tanaka H, Oshima A. Efficacy of a smoking relapse prevention program by postdischarge telephone contacts: a randomized trial (Japanese). Nippon Koshu Eisei Zasshi [Japanese Journal of Public Health] 2004;51(6):403-12. - PubMed
Hennrikus 2005 {published data only}
    1. Hennrikus D, Lando HA, McCarty MC, Vessey JT. The effectiveness of a systems approach to smoking cessation in hospital inpatients. In: Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco 7th Annual Meeting March 23-23 Seattle Washington. Vol. 47. 2001:no pagination.
    1. Hennrikus DJ, Lando HA, McCarty MC, Klevan D, Holtan N, Huebsch JA, et al. The TEAM project: the effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions with hospital patients. Preventive Medicine 2005;40:249-58. - PubMed
    1. Lando H, Hennrikus D, McCarty M, Vessey J. Predictors of quitting in hospitalized smokers. Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2003;5(2):215-22. - PubMed
Hornnes 2014a {published data only}
    1. Hornnes N, Larsen K, Brink-Kjaer T, Boysen G. Specific antismoking advice after stroke. Danish Medical Journal 2014;61(4):A4816. [CENTRAL: 984587] [EMBASE: 2014229531] [PMID: ] - PubMed
Jimeno 2022 {published data only}
    1. Jimeno Sanchez J, Chabbar Boudet MC, Morlanes Gracia P, Laita Monreal S, Lopez Perales CR, Cuko G, et al. Anti-smoking intervention in the acute phase of acute coronary syndrome: is there additional benefit in patients included in a cardiac rehabilitation program? Journal of Healthcare Quality Research 2022;38(2):105-11. - PubMed
Kim 2019 {published data only}
    1. Kim BS, Lim Y-H, Shin JH, Kim SH, Roh S, Choi YW, et al. The impact of aversive advice during percutaneous coronary intervention on smoking cessation in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Global Heart 2019;14(3):253-7. - PubMed
Kumar 2017 {published data only}
    1. Kumar A, Ward KD, Mellon L, Gunning M, Stynes S, Hickey A, et al. Medical student INtervention to promote effective nicotine dependence and tobacco HEalthcare (MIND-THE-GAP): single-centre feasibility randomised trial results. BMC Medical Education 2017;17(1):249. - PMC - PubMed
    1. NCT02601599. Medical student INtervention to promote effective nicotine dependence and Tobacco HEalthcare (MIND-THE-GAP). clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT02601599 (first received 10 November 2015).
Lacasse 2008 {published data only}
    1. Lacasse Y, Lamontagne R, Martin S, Arsenault M. Randomized trial of a smoking cessation intervention in patients hospitalized in a cardio-respiratory institute. Chest 2005;128(4 (Suppl)):204S.
    1. Lacasse Y, Lamontagne R, Martin S, Simard S, Arsenault M. Randomized trial of a smoking cessation intervention in hospitalized patients. Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2008;10(7):1215-21. - PubMed
Ladapo 2020 {published data only}
    1. French KM, Gonzalez SZ, Sherman SE, Link AR, Malik SZ, Tseng C-H, et al. Financial IncEntives for Smoking TreAtment: protocol of the FIESTA trial and FIESTA oral microbiome substudy. Trials 2018;19(1):646. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Ladapo JA, Tseng C, Sherman SE. Financial incentives for smoking cessation in hospitalized patients: a randomized clinical trial. American Journal of Medicine 2020;133(6):741-9. - PMC - PubMed
    1. NCT02506829. Financial incentives for smoking treatment. clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02506829 (first received 23 July 2015).
    1. NCT03979885. Financial incentives for smoking treatment. clinicaltrials.gov/show/nct03979885 (first received 7 June 2019).
Le Mao 2020 {published data only}
    1. Le Mao R, Tromeur C, Paleiron N, Sanchez O, Gagnadoux F, Jouneau S, et al. Effect of early initiation of varenicline on smoking cessation in COPD patients admitted for exacerbation: the Save randomized clinical trial. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 2020;17(1):7-14. - PubMed
    1. Tromeur C, Le Mao R, Couturand F. Effect of varenicline on smoking cessation in COPD patients recovering from exacerbation: a randomized trial. Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology 2018;32(Suppl 1):32.
Lewis 1998 {published data only}
    1. Lewis SF, Piasecki TM, Fiore MC, Anderson JE, Baker TB. Transdermal nicotine replacement for hospitalized patients: a randomized clinical trial. Preventive Medicine 1998;27(2):296-303. - PubMed
Luo 2018 {published data only}
    1. Luo JG, Han L, Chen LW, Gao Y, Ding XJ, Li Y, et al. Effect of intensive personalized "5As + 5Rs" intervention on smoking cessation in hospitalized acute coronary syndrome patients not ready to quit immediately: a randomized controlled trial. Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2018;20(5):596-605. - PubMed
Matuszewski 2020 {published data only}
    1. Matuszewski PE, Joseph K, O'Hara NN, DiClemente C, O'Toole RV. Prospective randomized trial on smoking cessation in orthopaedic trauma patients: results from the Let's STOP (Smoking in Trauma Orthopaedic Patients) now trial. Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma 2020;35(7):345-51. - PubMed
Meysman 2010 {published data only}
    1. Meysman M, Boudrez H, Nackaerts K, Dieriks B, Indemans R, Vermeire P. Smoking cessation rates after a nurse-led inpatient smoking cessation intervention. Journal of Smoking Cessation 2010;5(1):69-76.
Miller 1997 {published data only}
    1. Miller NH, Smith PM, DeBusk RF, Sobel DS, Taylor CB. Smoking cessation in hospitalized patients - results of a randomized trial. Archives of Internal Medicine 1997;157:409-15. - PubMed
    1. Taylor CB, Miller NH, Herman S, Smith PM, Sobel D, Fisher L, et al. A nurse-managed smoking cessation program for hospitalized smokers. American Journal of Public Health 1996;86:1557-60. - PMC - PubMed
Mohiuddin 2007 {published data only}
    1. Kondrack R, Hilleman DE, Maciejewski SR, Grollmes TL, Cloutier DA, Mohiuddin SM. Cost analysis of an intensive smoking cessation intervention in cardiac patients. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2008;51(10):A257.
    1. Mohiuddin SM, Mooss AN, Hunter CB, Grollmes TL, Cloutier DA, Hilleman DE. Intensive smoking cessation intervention reduces mortality in high-risk smokers with cardiovascular disease. Chest 2007;131:446-52. - PubMed
    1. Mohjuddin SM, Mooss AN, Hunter CB, Grollmes T, Cloutier DA, Hilleman DE. Intensive multicomponent smoking cessation intervention decreases mortality in hospitalized high-risk cardiac smokers. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2006;47(4):375A.
Molyneux 2003 {published data only}
    1. Molyneux A, Lewis S, Leivers U, Anderton A, Antoniak M, Brackenridge A, et al. Clinical trial comparing nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) plus brief counselling, brief counselling alone, and minimal intervention on smoking cessation in hospital inpatients. Thorax 2003;58(6):484-8. - PMC - PubMed
Murray 2013a {published data only}
    1. Bains M, Britton J, Marsh J, Jayes L, Murray RL. Patients' and healthcare professionals' views on a specialist smoking cessation service delivered in a United Kingdom hospital: a qualitative study. Tobacco Induced Diseases 2014;12(1):2. [PMID: ] - PMC - PubMed
    1. Murray RL, Leonardi-Bee J, Marsh J, Jayes L, Britton J. Is the systematic identification and treatment of smokers in secondary care effective, and does it change usual practice? American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 2013;187(Meeting Abstracts):A3909. [CENTRAL: 990598] [EMBASE: 71983408]
    1. Murray RL, Leonardi-Bee J, Marsh J, Jayes L, Li J, Parrott S, et al. Systematic identification and treatment of smokers by hospital based cessation practitioners in a secondary care setting: cluster randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2013;347:f4004. [CENTRAL: 873086] [EMBASE: 2013464666] [PMID: ] - PMC - PubMed
Nagle 2005 {published data only}
    1. Hensley MJ, Nagle AL, Hensley MJ, Schofield MJ, Koschel A. Efficacy of a brief nurse provided nicotine management intervention for hospitalised smokers. Respirology 2002;7:A12.
    1. Nagle AL, Hensley MJ, Schofield MJ, Koschel AJ. A randomised controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of a nurse-provided intervention for hospitalised smokers. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 2005;29(3):285-91. - PubMed
Ortega 2011a {published data only}
    1. Ortega F, Vellisco A, Marquez E, Lopez-Campos JL, Rodriguez A, De los Angeles SM, et al. Effectiveness of a cognitive orientation program with and without nicotine replacement therapy in stopping smoking in hospitalised patients [Efectividad de un programa de orientacion cognitiva con y sin tratamiento sustitutivo con nicotina en la cesacion tabaquica en pacientes hospitalizados]. Archivos de Bronconeumologia 2011;47(1):3-9. - PubMed
    1. Valencia B, Ortega F, Vellisco A, Márquez-Martín E, Campos JLL, Rodríguez AM, et al. Effectiveness of a cognitive orientation program with and without nicotine replacement therapy in stopping smoking in hospitalised patients [Abstract]. In: European Respiratory Society Annual Congress, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, September 24-28. Vol. 38. 2011:775s [P4224]. [CENTRAL: 990576] [EMBASE: 72121816] - PubMed
Ortigosa 2000 {published data only}
    1. Ortigosa AM, Gomez FJO, Ramalle-Gomara E, Reta IS, Esteban MVF, Diaz MQ. Efficacy of an intervention in smoking cessation in patients with myocardial infarction [Eficacia de una intervencion para dejar de fumar en pacientes con infarto de miocardio]. Medicina Clinica (Barc) 2000;114:209-10. - PubMed
Park 2015 {published data only}
    1. Park AH, Lee SJ, Oh SJ. The effects of a smoking cessation programme on health-promoting lifestyles and smoking cessation in smokers who had undergone percutaneous coronary intervention. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2015;21(2):107-17. - PubMed
Pedersen 2005 {published data only}
    1. Pedersen L, Johansen S, Eksten L. [Smoking cessation among patients with acute heart disease. A randomised intervention project] (Danish). Ugeskrift for Laeger 2005;167(33):3044-7. - PubMed
Pederson 1991 {published data only}
    1. Pederson LL, Wanklin JM, Lefcoe NM. The effects of counseling on smoking cessation among patients hospitalized with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized clinical trial. International Journal of the Addictions 1991;26(1):107-19. - PubMed
Pelletier 1998 {published data only}
    1. Pelletier JG, Moisan JT. Smoking cessation among hospitalized patients: a quasi-experimental study in Quebec. Canadian Journal of Public Health 1998;89:264-9. - PMC - PubMed
Planer 2011 {published data only}
    1. Planer D, Lev I, Elitzur Y, Sharon N, Ouzan E, Pugatsch T, et al. Bupropion for smoking cessation in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Archives of Internal Medicine 2011;171(12):1055-60. - PubMed
Quist‐Paulsen 2003 {published data only}
    1. Brown DW. Nurse-led intervention increases smoking cessation among people with coronary heart disease. Evidence Based Healthcare 2004;8:128-30.
    1. Quist-Paulsen P, Bakke PS, Gallefoss F. Does smoking cessation improve quality of life in patients with coronary heart disease? Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal 2006;40(1):11-6. - PubMed
    1. Quist-Paulsen P, Bakke PS, Gallefoss F. Predictors of smoking cessation in patients admitted for acute coronary heart disease. European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation 2005;12(5):472-7. - PubMed
    1. Quist-Paulsen P, Gallefoss F. Randomised controlled trial of smoking cessation intervention after admission for coronary heart disease. BMJ 2003;327(7426):1254-7. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Quist-Paulsen P, Lydersen S, Bakke PS, Gallefoss F. Cost effectiveness of a smoking cessation program in patients admitted for coronary heart disease. European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation 2006;13(2):274-80. - PubMed
Reid 2003 {published data only}
    1. Reid R, Pipe A, Higginson L, Johnson K, D'Angelo MS, Cooke D, et al. Stepped care approach to smoking cessation in patients hospitalized for coronary artery disease. Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation 2003;23(3):176-82. - PubMed
Reid 2007 {published data only}
    1. Reid RD, Pipe AL, Quinlan B, Oda J. Interactive voice response telephony to promote smoking cessation in patients with heart disease: a pilot study. Patient Education & Counseling 2007;66(3):319-26. - PubMed
Reid 2019 {published data only}
    1. Reid RD, Aitken DA, McDonnell L, Armstrong A, Mullen KA, Jones L, et al. Randomized trial of an automated telephone follow-up system for smoking cessation in smokers with CHD. Canadian Journal of Cardiology 2011;27(5 Suppl 1):S67. [CENTRAL: 814379]
    1. Reid RD, Aitken DA, Mullen K-A, McDonnell L, Armstrong A, LeBlanc AG, et al. Automated telephone follow-up for smoking cessation in smokers with coronary heart disease: a randomized controlled trial. Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2019;21(8):1051-7. - PubMed
Richter 2016 {published data only}
    1. Liebmann EP, Scheuermann TS, Faseru B, Richter KP. Critical steps in the path to using cessation pharmacotherapy following hospital-initiated tobacco treatment. BMC Health Services Research 2019;19(1):246. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Mussulman LM, Faseru B, Fitzgerald S, Nazir N, Patel V, Richter KP. A randomized, controlled pilot study of warm handoff versus fax referral for hospital-initiated smoking cessation among people living with HIV/AIDS. Addictive Behaviors 2018;78:205-8. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Mussulman LM, Scheuermann TS, Faseru B, Nazir N, Richter KP. Rapid relapse to smoking following hospital discharge. Preventive Medicine Reports 2019;15:100891. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Reid ZZ, Regan S, Kelley JH, Streck JM, Ylioja T, Tindle HA, et al. Comparative effectiveness of post-discharge strategies for hospitalized smokers: study protocol for the Helping HAND 2 randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health 2015;15:109. [CENTRAL: 1101299] [PMID: ] - PMC - PubMed
    1. Richter KP, Faseru B, Mussulman LM, Ellerbeck EF, Shireman TI, Hunt JJ, et al. Using "warm handoffs" to link hospitalized smokers with tobacco treatment after discharge: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2012;13:127. [CENTRAL: 863875] [PMID: ] - PMC - PubMed
Richter 2023 {published data only}
    1. Faseru B, Ellerbeck EF, Catley D, Gajewski BJ, Scheuermann TS, Shireman TI, et al. Changing the default for tobacco-cessation treatment in an inpatient setting: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2017;18(1):379. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Richter KP, Catley D, Gajewski BJ, Faseru B, Shireman TI, Zhang C, et al. The effects of opt-out vs opt-in tobacco treatmenton engagement, cessation, and costs: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Internal Medicine 2023;183(4):331-9. [DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2022.7170] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Rigotti 1994 {published data only}
    1. Rigotti NA, McKool KM, Shiffman S. Predictors of smoking cessation after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Results of a randomized trial with 5-year follow-up. Annals of Internal Medicine 1994;120(4):287-93. - PubMed
Rigotti 1997 {published data only}
    1. Rigotti NA, Arnsten JH, McKool KM, Wood Reid KM, Pasternak RC, Singer DE. Efficacy of a smoking cessation program for hospital patients. Archives of Internal Medicine 1997;157(22):2653-60. - PubMed
Rigotti 2006 {published data only}
    1. Rigotti NA, Thorndike AN, Regan S, McKool K, Pasternak RC, Chang Y, et al. Bupropion for smokers hospitalized with acute cardiovascular disease. American Journal of Medicine 2006;119(12):1080-7. - PubMed
    1. Thorndike A, Rigotti N, Regan S, Pasternak R, McKool K, Emmons K, et al. Depression and relapse to smoking in patients hospitalized with acute cardiovascular disease [POS3-094]. In: Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco 11th Annual Meeting, 20-23 March; Prague, Czech Republic. 2005:137.
    1. Thorndike AN, Regan S, McKool K, Pasternak RC, Swartz S, Torres-Finnerty N, et al. Depressive symptoms and smoking cessation after hospitalization for cardiovascular disease. Archives of Internal Medicine 2008;168(2):186-91. - PubMed
Rigotti 2014a {published data only}
    1. Japuntich SJ, Regan S, Viana J, Tymoszczuk J, Reyen M, Levy DE, et al. Comparative effectiveness of post-discharge interventions for hospitalized smokers: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2012;13:124. [CENTRAL: 863876] [PMID: ] - PMC - PubMed
    1. Rigotti NA, Japuntich S, Regan S, Kelley JH, Chang Y, Reyen M, et al. Promoting smoking cessation after hospital discharge: the helping hand randomized controlled comparative effectiveness trial. Journal of General Internal Medicine 2013;28(1 Suppl):S160. [CENTRAL: 993940] [EMBASE: 71292966]
    1. Rigotti NA, Regan S, Levy DE, Japuntich S, Chang Y, Park ER, et al. Sustained care intervention and postdischarge smoking cessation among hospitalized adults: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2014;312(7):719-28. [CENTRAL: 1000144] [EMBASE: 2014554016] [PMID: ] - PMC - PubMed
Rigotti 2016a {published data only}
    1. Levy DE, Chang Y, Regan S, Tindle HA, Singer DE, Rigotti NA. Improvements in health-related quality of life among smokers who quit after hospitalization. Preventive Medicine 2018;110:38-46. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Rigotti NA, Chang Y, Rosenfeld LC, Japuntich SJ, Park ER, Tindle HA, et al. Interactive voice response calls to promote smoking cessation after hospital discharge: pooled analysis of two randomized clinical trials. Journal of General Internal Medicine 2017;32(9):1005-13. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Rigotti NA, Tindle HA, Regan S, Levy DE, Chang Y, Carpenter KM, et al. A post-discharge smoking-cessation intervention for hospital patients: Helping Hand 2 randomized clinical trial. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 2016;51(4):597-608. - PMC - PubMed
Rigotti 2022 {published data only}
    1. NCT03603496. Post-discharge smoking cessation strategies: Helping HAND 4. clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03603496 (first received 27 July 2018).
    1. Rigotti NA, Chang Y, Davis EM, Regan S, Levy DE, Ylioja T, et al. Comparative effectiveness of postdischarge smoking cessation interventions for hospital patients: the Helping HAND 4 randomized clinical trial. JAMA Internal Medicine 2022;182(8):814-24. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Rigotti NA, Schnitzer K, Davis EM, Regan S, Chang Y, Kelley JHK, et al. Comparative effectiveness of post-discharge strategies for hospitalized smokers: study protocol for the Helping HAND 4 randomized controlled trial. Trials 2020;21:336. - PMC - PubMed
Sherman 2016a {published data only}
    1. Cody GR, Wang B, Link AR, Sherman SE. Characteristics of urban inpatient smokers with and without chronic pain: foundations for targeted cessation programs. Substance Use & Misuse 2019;54(7):1138-45. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Grossman E, Link AR, Rogers E, Wang B, Sherman S. A profile of hospitalized smokers and the care they receive. Journal of General Internal Medicine 2014;29:S11. [CENTRAL: 1010140] [EMBASE: 71494706]
    1. Grossman E, Shelley D, Braithwaite RS, Lobach I, Goffin A, Rogers E, et al. Effectiveness of smoking-cessation interventions for urban hospital patients: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2012;13:126. [CENTRAL: 863873] [PMID: ] - PMC - PubMed
    1. NCT01363245. Effectiveness of smoking-cessation interventions for urban hospital patients. clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01363245 (first received 1 June 2011).
    1. Sherman S, Link AR, Rogers E, Krebs P, Ladapo JA, Shelley D, et al. Smoking cessation interventions for urban hospital patients: a randomized comparative effectiveness trial. Journal of General Internal Medicine 2015;30(2 Suppl):S253. [CENTRAL: 1099398] [EMBASE: 71877905] - PMC - PubMed
Simon 1997 {published data only}
    1. Simon JA, Solkowitz SN, Carmody TP, Browner WS. Smoking cessation after surgery - a randomized trial. Archives of Internal Medicine 1997;157:1371-6. - PubMed
Simon 2003 {published data only}
    1. Simon JA, Carmody TP, Hudes ES, Snyder E, Murray J. Intensive smoking cessation counseling versus minimal counseling among hospitalized smokers treated with transdermal nicotine replacement: a randomized trial. American Journal of Medicine 2003;114(7):555-62. - PubMed
Simon 2009a {published data only}
    1. Simon JA, Duncan C, Huggins J, Solkowitz S, Carmody TP. Sustained-release bupropion for hospital-based smoking cessation: a randomized trial. Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2009;11(6):663-9. - PubMed
Smith 2009b {published data only}
    1. Bitton A. Intensive smoking cessation programs for hospitalized coronary patients: a proven intervention in need of implementation. Journal of Clinical Outcomes Management 2009;16(9):398-9.
    1. Rigotti NA. Helping smokers with cardiac disease to abstain from tobacco after a stay in hospital [Comment]. Canadian Medical Association Journal 2009;180:1283-4. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Smith PM, Burgess E. Smoking cessation initiated during hospital stay for patients with coronary artery disease: a randomized controlled trial. Canadian Medical Association Journal 2009;180(13):1297-303. - PMC - PubMed
Smith 2011 {published data only}
    1. Smith PM, Corso L, Brown KS, Cameron R. Nurse case-managed tobacco cessation interventions for general hospital patients: results of a randomized clinical trial. Canadian Journal of Nursing Research 2011;43:98-117. - PubMed
Steinberg 2011 {published data only}
    1. Steinberg MB, Randall J, Greenhaus S, Schmelzer AC, Richardson DL, Carson JL. Tobacco dependence treatment for hospitalized smokers: a randomized, controlled, pilot trial using varenicline. Addictive Behaviors 2011;36(12):1127-32. - PubMed
Stevens 1993 {published data only}
    1. Stevens VJ, Glasgow RE, Hollis JF, Lichtenstein E, Vogt TM. A smoking-cessation intervention for hospital patients. Medical Care 1993;31(1):65-72. - PubMed
Stevens 2000 {published data only}
    1. Allaway L, Stevens VJ. Respiratory care practitioners can provide effective smoking-cessation counseling to hospitalized smokers. Respiratory Care 1996;41(11):1026-9.
    1. Stevens VJ, Glasgow RE, Hollis JF, Mount K. Implementation and effectiveness of a brief smoking-cessation intervention for hospital patients. Medical Care 2000;38(5):451-9. - PubMed
Suner‐Soler 2022 {published data only}
    1. Suner-Soler R, Grau-Martin A, Terceno M, Silva Y, Maldonado E, Gras ME, et al. A clinical trial comparing smoking cessation interventions at two levels of intensity in stroke patients, stratified by the presence of insular cortex lesions. Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2022;24(1):44-52. - PubMed
Taylor 1990 {published data only}
    1. Taylor CB, Houston-Miller NH, Killen JD, DeBusk RF. Smoking cessation after acute myocardial infarction: effects of a nurse-managed intervention. Annals of Internal Medicine 1990;113:118-23. - PubMed
Thomas 2016a {published data only}
    1. ACTRN12612000368831. GIVE UP FOR GOOD - A study to evaluate the effectiveness of a pharmacist-led multidisciplinary smoking cessation intervention for smokers admitted to public hospitals. https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=362169 (first received 26 March 2012).
    1. Thomas D, Abramson M, Bonevski B, Taylor S, Poole S, Weeks G, et al. Pharmacist-led multicomponent smoking cessation intervention in Victorian public hospitals - a randomised controlled trial. Respirology 2015;20(Suppl 2):61. [CENTRAL: 1078324] [EMBASE: 71870755]
    1. Thomas D, Abramson MJ, Bonevski B, Taylor S, Poole S, Weeks GR, et al. A pharmacist-led system-change smoking cessation intervention for smokers admitted to Australian public hospitals (GIVE UP FOR GOOD): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials 2013;14:148. [CENTRAL: 863879] [EMBASE: 2013336506] [PMID: ] - PMC - PubMed
    1. Thomas D, Abramson MJ, Bonevski B, Taylor S, Poole SG, Paul E, et al. Integrating smoking cessation into routine care in hospitals-a randomized controlled trial. Addiction 2016;111(4):714-23. [PMID: ] - PubMed
    1. Thomas D, Abramson MJ, Bonevski B, Taylor S, Poole SG, Weeks GR, et al. Quitting experiences and preferences for a future quit attempt: a study among inpatient smokers. BMJ Open 2015;5(4):e006959. [PMID: ] - PMC - PubMed
Vial 2002 {published data only}
    1. Vial RJ, Jones TE, Ruffin RE, Gilbert AL. Smoking cessation program using nicotine patches linking hospital to the community. Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Research 2002;32(1):57-62.
Warner 2016a {published data only}
    1. NCT01575145. Helping hospitalized patients quit smoking. clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01575145 (first received 11 April 2012).
    1. Warner DO, Nolan MB, Kadimpati S, Burke MV, Hanson AC, Schroeder DR. Quitline tobacco interventions in hospitalized patients: a randomized trial. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 2016;51(4):473-84. [PMID: ] - PubMed
Windle 2018 {published data only}
    1. Eisenberg MJ, Windle SB, Roy N, Old W, Grondin FR, Bata I, et al. Varenicline for smoking cessation in hospitalized patients with acute coronary syndrome. Circulation 2016;133(1):21-30. [CENTRAL: 1127550] [EMBASE: 2015513719] [PMID: ] - PubMed
    1. NCT00794573. Evaluation of varenicline (Chantix) for smoking cessation in patients with post-acute coronary syndrome: the EVITA trial. clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00794573 (first received 20 November 2008).
    1. NCT03209622. Smoking cessation after acute coronary syndrome. clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT03209622 (first received 6 July 2017).
    1. Prochazka AV. Varenicline increased smoking cessation at 24 weeks in patients hospitalized with ACS and motivated to quit. ACP Journal Club 2016;164(8):6. - PubMed
    1. Windle SB, Bata I, Madan M, Abramson BL, Dehghani P, Sharma S, et al. Incidence of cardiovascular events with varenicline for smoking cessation post-acute coronary syndrome. Canadian Journal of Cardiology 2013;29(10 Suppl):S278-9. [CENTRAL: 993939] [EMBASE: 71204265]

References to studies excluded from this review

Adamuz 2015 {published data only}
    1. Adamuz J, Viasus D, Simonetti A, Jimenez-Martinez E, Molero L, Gonzalez-Samartino M, et al. Impact of an educational program to reduce healthcare resources in community-acquired pneumonia: the EDUCAP randomized controlled trial. PLOS One 2015;10(10):e0140202. [CENTRAL: 1125611] [DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140202] [EMBASE: 2015553631] [PMID: ] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Chen 2021 {published data only}
    1. Chen Y-H, Wang P-C, Ko Y-L, Wang H-L. Effects of motivational interview and mobile social network support on smoking cessation in male patients with coronary heart disease. Journal of Nursing 2021;68(2):53-64. [DOI: 10.6224/JN.202104_68(2).08] - DOI - PubMed
Johns 2017 {published data only}
    1. Johns D. Randomised controlled trial comparing nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and counselling on smoking cessation in patients prone to lung cancer using bed font micro-smokerlyzer. Supportive Care in Cancer 2017;25(2):S102. [DOI: 10.1007/s00520-017-3704-x] - DOI
Jones 2012 {published data only}
    1. Jones TE, Williams J. Craving control using nicotine replacement therapy in a teaching hospital. Internal Medicine Journal 2012;42(3):317-22. [CENTRAL: 814360] [DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.2010.02222.x] [EMBASE: 2012170815] [PMID: ] - DOI - PubMed
Kadda 2015 {published data only}
    1. Kadda O, Kotanidou A, Manginas A, Stavridis G, Nanas S, Panagiotakos DB. Lifestyle intervention and one-year prognosis of patients following open heart surgery: a randomised clinical trial. Journal of Clinical Nursing 2015;24(11-12):1611-21. [CENTRAL: 1134530] [DOI: 10.1111/jocn.12762] [PMID: ] - DOI - PubMed
    1. Kadda O, Manginas A, Stavridis G, Balanos D, Kotiou M, Panagiotakos DB. Gender analysis in the outcomes of a lifestyle intervention among patients who had an open heart surgery. Angiology 2016;67(1):66-74. [CENTRAL: 1125206] [EMBASE: 20151025848] [PMID: ] - PubMed
Lepage 2014 {published data only}
    1. Lepage M, Renaud L, Champagne F, Rivard M. Strategies to increase the brief interventions in smoking cessation among nurses in hospital settings: experimental study [French] [Evaluation comparative de strategies visant a augmenter les interventions de courte duree pour le sevrage tabagique aupres du personnel infirmier de milieux hospitaliers: resultats d'une etude experimentale]. Recherche en Soins Infirmiers 2014;1(116):57-69. [CENTRAL: 992594] [PMID: ] - PubMed
Molina Ruiz 2014 {published data only}
    1. Molina Ruiz F, Navarro Luque G, Ariza Canete J, Alcantara Reyes JM, Herrera Gutierrez N, Trapiello Gonzalez L, et al. Impact of a group educational intervention on the prevention of smoking uptake in cardiac patients after discharge: a randomized clinical trial. European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing 2014;13:S47. [CENTRAL: 1054154] [EMBASE: 71683052]
Pathak 2013 {published data only}ISRCTN66928309
    1. Pathak V, Rendon IS, Lupu R, Tactuk N, Olutade T, Durham C, et al. Outcome of nicotine replacement therapy in patients admitted to ICU: a randomized controlled double-blind prospective pilot study. Respiratory Care 2013;58(10):1625-9. [CENTRAL: 914059] [DOI: 10.4187/respcare.01791] [EMBASE: 2013608314] [ISRCTN66928309/ISRCTN] [PMID: ] - DOI - PubMed
    1. Pathak V, Rendon ISH, Lupu R, Tactuk N, Olutade T, Vegesna V, et al. Outcome of nicotine replacement therapy in patients admitted to intensive care unit: a randomized case-control double blinded prospective pilot study. European Respiratory Journal 2011;38(55):p1793. [CENTRAL: 990199] [EMBASE: 72116518]
Pfaeffli 2015 {published data only}
    1. Dale LP, Whittaker R, Jiang Y, Stewart R, Rolleston A, Maddison R. Improving coronary heart disease self-management using mobile technologies (Text4Heart): a randomised controlled trial protocol. Trials 2014;15:71. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Pfaeffli DL, Whittaker R, Jiang Y, Stewart R, Rolleston A, Maddison R. Text message and internet support for coronary heart disease self-management: results from the Text4Heart randomized controlled trial. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2015;17(10):e237. [CENTRAL: 1169317] [DOI: 10.2196/jmir.4944] [PMID: ] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Sarna 2012 {published data only}
    1. Sarna L, Bialous SA, Ong MK, Wells M, Kotlerman J. Increasing nursing referral to telephone quitlines for smoking cessation using a web-based program. Nursing Research 2012;61(6):433-40. [CENTRAL: 850413] [DOI: 10.1097/NNR.0b013e3182707237.] [EMBASE: 23073265] [PMID: ] - DOI - PubMed
Schulte 2016 {published data only}
    1. Schulte DM, Duster M, Warrack S, Valentine S, Jorenby D, Shirley D, et al. Feasibility and patient satisfaction with smoking cessation interventions for prevention of healthcare-associated infections in inpatients. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy 2016;11:15. [DOI: 10.1186/s13011-016-0059-0] [PMID: ] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Septauli 2021 {published data only}
    1. Septauli KM, Susanto AD, Agustin H, Ginting TT, Taufik FF. Effectiveness of 4T (Tanya, Telaah, Tolong nasehati dan Tindak lanjut) for quit smoking rate in patient with lung tuberculosis at Persahabatan Hospital (pre-eliminary study). Tobacco Induced Diseases 2021;19(Suppl 1):A185. [DOI: 10.18332/tid/141390] - DOI
Sienkiewicz‐Jarosz 2014a {published data only}
    1. Sienkiewicz-Jarosz H, Glebicka A, Restel M, Kurkowska-Jastrzebska I, Bozek M, Ryglewicz D, et al. Antismoking interventions in stroke patients - Polish perspective. Journal of the Neurological Sciences 2015;357:e410-1. [CENTRAL: 1163971] [EMBASE: 72092510]
    1. Sienkiewicz-Jarosz H, Jastrzebska A, Restel M, Kurkowska-Jastrzebska I, Ryglewicz D, Bienkowski P. Effectiveness of three anti-smoking interventions of different intensities in patients after ischemic stroke - a pilot data from a randomized controlled trial. European Journal of Neurology 2014;21(Suppl 1):355. [ABSTRACT NUMBER: EP4206] [CENTRAL: 993975] [EMBASE: 71481297]
Stockings 2014 {published data only}
    1. ACTRN12609000465257. The effect of an integrated smoking care program on the reduction and abstinence of smoking in mental health inpatients following discharge from hospital. www.anzctr.org.au/trial_view.aspx?ID=83938 (first received 2 June 2009).
    1. Stockings EA, Bowman JA, Baker AL, Terry M, Clancy R, Wye PM, et al. Impact of a postdischarge smoking cessation intervention for smokers admitted to an inpatient psychiatric facility: a randomized controlled trial. Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2014;16(11):1417-28. [CENTRAL: 1036731] [DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntu097] [EMBASE: 2014920180] [PMID: ] - DOI - PubMed
    1. Stockings EA, Bowman JA, Wiggers J, Baker AL, Terry M, Clancy R, et al. A randomised controlled trial linking mental health inpatients to community smoking cessation supports: a study protocol. BMC Public Health 2011;11:570. [CENTRAL: 810681] [EMBASE: 21762532] [6272] [PMID: ] - PMC - PubMed
Suhaj 2016 {published data only}
    1. Suhaj A, Manu MK, Unnikrishnan MK, Vijayanarayana K, Mallikarjuna RC. Effectiveness of clinical pharmacist intervention on health-related quality of life in chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder patients - a randomized controlled study. Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics 2016;41(1):78-83. [CENTRAL: 1133032] [DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.12353] [EMBASE: 20160068356] [PMID: ] - DOI - PubMed
Van Nostrand 2014 {published data only}
    1. Van Nostrand K, Fisher K, Khan BA. Smoking cessation after surviving critical illness - is it feasible? - authors experience with implementation and recruitment. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 2014;189:A4482. [CENTRAL: 1038473] [EMBASE: 72046433]
Wong 2012 {published data only}
    1. Wong J, Abrishami A, Yang Y, Zaki A, Friedman Z, Selby P, et al. A perioperative smoking cessation intervention with varenicline: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Anesthesiology 2012;117(4):755-64. [CENTRAL: 835869] [DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e3182698b42] [EMBASE: 2012567287] [PMID: ] - DOI - PubMed
Yujie 2014a {published data only}
    1. Yujie W, Huliang L. GW25-e5131 Efficacy and safety of varenicline for smoking cessation in patients with CAD undergoing PCI. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2014;64(Suppl 16):C207. [CENTRAL: 1054389] [EMBASE: 71665049]

References to ongoing studies

ACTRN12620001255976 {published data only}
    1. ACTRN12620001255976. Use of text messaging support to aid smoking cessation in patients presenting for surgery (TextPOP). www.australianclinicaltrials.gov.au/anzctr/trial/ACTRN12620001255976 (first received 24 November 2020).
Almonacid 2020 {published data only}
    1. Almonacid I, Olaya L, Cuevas V, Castillo JS, Becerra N, Delgado J, et al. Effectiveness of brief counseling in a hospital setting for smoking cessation and risky alcohol drinking reduction: randomized clinical trial protocol. Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria 2020;S0034-7450(20):30085-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2020.06.005] - DOI
Chu 2019 {published data only}
    1. Chu KH, Escobar-Viera CG, Matheny SJ, Davis EM, Primack BA. Tobacco cessation mobile app intervention (Just Kwit! study): protocol for a pilot randomized controlled pragmatic trial. Trials 2019;20(1):147. [DOI: 10.1186/s13063-019-3246-2] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Cossette 2012 {published data only}
    1. Cossette S, Frasure-Smith N, Robert M, Chouinard MC, Juneau M, Guertin MC, et al. A pilot randomized trial of a smoking cessation nursing intervention in cardiac patients after hospital discharge. Journal Canadien en Soins Infirmiers Cardio-Vasculaires [Canadian Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing] 2012;22(4):16-26. [PMID: ] - PubMed
    1. ISRCTN26884027. Evaluation of a nursing intervention for smoking cessation in cardiac patients: a pilot randomised study. www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN26884027?q=ISRCTN26884027 (first received 1 October 2008).
CTRI/2019/09/021406 {published data only}
    1. CTRI/2019/09/021406. To determine the best behavioral change strategy for tobacco cessation when provided in hospital to tobacco users. www.ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/pmaindet2.php?trialid=36913 (first received 25 September 2019).
DRKS00013466 {published data only}
    1. DRKS00013466. Implementation and evaluation of the effectivity of an inpatient smoking cessation therapy by a mobile applicable therapy team. www.drks.de/DRKS00013466 (first received 1 April 2019).
Gobarani 2022 {published data only}
    1. ACTRN12618001792213. Varenicline and nicotine replacement therapy for smokers admitted to hospitals. anzctr.org.au/ACTRN12618001792213.aspx (first received 2 November 2018).
    1. Gobarani RK, Abramson MJ, Bonevski B, Weeks GR, Dooley MJ, Smith BJ, et al. The efficacy and safety of varenicline alone versus in combination with nicotine lozenges for smoking cessation among hospitalised smokers (VANISH): study protocol for a randomised, placebo-controlled trial. BMJ Open 2020;10(10):e038184. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Gobarani RK, Weeks GR, Abramson MJ, Bonevski B, Liau SJ, George J. Experiences of hospitalized smokers initiated on varenicline as part of a pragmatic smoking cessation trial. Journal of Addictive Diseases 2023;41(3):242-50. - PubMed
NCT01413516 {published data only}
    1. NCT01413516. A two-part pilot study of dosing, safety and efficacy of varenicline initiated during an acute smoke-free hospitalization and continued post-hospitalization. clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01413516 (first received 10 August 2011).
NCT02099097 {published data only}
    1. NCT02099097. Quit IT: preliminary testing of a web-based, 3D coping skills game to increase quitting self-efficacy for maintaining smoking abstinence following hospitalization. clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT02099097 (first received 28 March 2014).
NCT02106637 {published data only}
    1. NCT02106637. Early in-hospital initiation of pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation, concomitant with nurse-led support, in patients after an acute coronary syndrome (ACS). clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT02106637 (first received 8 April 2014).
NCT02470923 {published data only}
    1. NCT02470923. In-patient smoking cessation intervention using counseling, spirometry and nicotine replacement therapy. clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT02470923 (first received 12 June 2015).
NCT04590404 {published data only}
    1. NCT04590404. Informed smoking treatment: the MIST RCT. clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT04590404 (first received 19 October 2020).
NCT05192031 {published data only}
    1. NCT05192031. Implementation of smoking cessation support during lung cancer workup. clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT05192031 (first received 14 January 2022).

Additional references

Covidence [Computer program]
    1. Covidence. Version accessed 7 September 2022. Melbourne, Australia: Veritas Health Innovation. Available at www.covidence.org.
Dai 2021
    1. Dai X, Gakidou E, Lopez AD. Evolution of the global smoking epidemic over the past half century: strengthening the evidence base for policy action. Tobacco Control 2022;31(2):129-37. [DOI: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2021-056535] - DOI - PubMed
Deeks 2023
    1. Deeks JJ, Higgins JP, Altman DG, editor(s). Chapter 10: Analysing data and undertaking meta-analyses. In: Higgins JP, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, et al, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 6.4 (updated August 2023). Cochrane, 2023. Available from www.training.cochrane.org/handbook.
Hajizadeh 2023
    1. Hajizadeh A, Howes S, Theodoulou A, Klemperer E, Hartmann-Boyce J, Livingstone-Banks J, et al. Antidepressants for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2023, Issue 5. Art. No: CD000031. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000031.pub6] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Hartmann‐Boyce 2018
    1. Hartmann-Boyce J, Chepkin SC, Ye W, Bullen C, Lancaster T. Nicotine replacement therapy versus control for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2018, Issue 5. Art. No: CD000146. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000146.pub5] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Hartmann‐Boyce 2021
    1. Hartmann-Boyce J, Livingstone-Banks J, Ordóñez-Mena JM, Fanshawe TR, Lindson N, Freeman SC, et al. Behavioural interventions for smoking cessation: an overview and network meta-analysis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2021, Issue 1. Art. No: CD013229. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD013229] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Hartmann‐Boyce 2023
    1. Hartmann-Boyce J, Lindson N. Assessing and minimizing risk of bias in randomized controlled trials of tobacco cessation interventions: guidance from the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group. Addiction 2023;118(9):1811-5. [DOI: 10.1111/add.16220] - DOI - PubMed
Higgins 2003
    1. Higgins JP, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, Altman DG. Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ 2003;327(7414):557-60. - PMC - PubMed
Higgins 2011
    1. Higgins JP, Green S, editor(s). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011). The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011. Available from training.cochrane.org/handbook/archive/v5.1/.
Hughes 2003
    1. Hughes JR, Keely JP, Niaura RS, Ossip-Klein DJ, Richmond RL, Swan GE. Measures of abstinence in clinical trials: issues and recommendations. Nicotine and Tobacco Research 2003;5(1):13-25. [PMID: ] - PubMed
Lindson 2023
    1. Lindson N, Theodoulou A, Ordóñez-Mena JM, Fanshawe TR, Sutton AJ, Livingstone-Banks J, et al. Pharmacological and electronic cigarette interventions for smoking cessation in adults: component network meta‐analyses. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2023, Issue 9. Art. No: CD015226. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD015226.pub2] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Livingstone‐Banks 2023
    1. Livingstone-Banks J, Fanshawe TR, Thomas KH, Theodoulou A, Hajizadeh A, Hartman L, et al. Nicotine receptor partial agonists for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2023, Issue 6. Art. No: CD006103. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006103.pub9] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Matkin 2019
    1. Matkin W, Ordóñez-Mena JM, Hartmann-Boyce J. Telephone counselling for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2019, Issue 5. Art. No: CD002850. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD002850.pub4] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Microsoft Corporation 2024 [Computer program]
    1. Microsoft Excel. Microsoft, (accessed prior to 6 March 2024). Available from office.microsoft.com/excel.
Page 2021
    1. Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. Systematic Reviews 2021;10(1):89. [DOI: 10.1186/s13643-021-01626-4] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
Rigotti 2022
    1. Rigotti NG, Kruse R, Livingstone-Banks J, Hartmann-Boyce J. Treatment of tobacco smoking: a review. JAMA 2022;327(6):566-77. [DOI: 10.1001/jama.2022.0395] - DOI - PubMed
Shiffman 2004
    1. Shiffman S, West R, Gilbert D, SRNT Work Group on the Assessment of Craving and Withdrawal in Clinical Trials. Recommendation for the assessment of tobacco craving and withdrawal in smoking cessation trials. Nicotine and Tobacco Research 2004;6(4):599-614. [DOI: 10.1080/14622200410001734067] - DOI - PubMed
Shoesmith 2021
    1. Shoesmith E, Huddlestone L, Lorencatto F, Shahab L, Gilbody S, Ratschen E. Supporting smoking cessation and preventing relapse following a stay in a smoke-free setting: a meta-analysis and investigation of effective behaviour change techniques. Addiction 2021;116(11):2978-94. [DOI: 10.1111/add.15452] - DOI - PubMed
Stead 2013
    1. Stead LF, Buitrago D, Preciado N, Sanchez G, Hartmann-Boyce J, Lancaster T. Physician advice for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2013, Issue 5. Art. No: CD000165. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000165.pub4] - DOI - PMC - PubMed
USDHHS 2020
    1. Office of the Surgeon General. Smoking cessation: a report of the Surgeon General; 2020. Available at www.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/2020-cessation-sgr-full-report.pdf (accessed prior to 10 April 2024).
USPSTF 2021
    1. US Preventive Services Task Force. Interventions for tobacco smoking cessation in adults, including pregnant persons: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. JAMA 2021;325(3):265-79. [DOI: 10.1001/jama.2020.25019] - DOI - PubMed
Yusuf 1985
    1. Yusuf S, Peto R, Lewis J, Collins R, Sleight P. Beta blockade during and after myocardial infarction: an overview of the randomized trials. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases 1985;27(5):335-71. - PubMed

References to other published versions of this review

Munafo 2001
    1. Munafo M, Rigotti N, Lancaster T, Stead L, Murphy M. Interventions for smoking cessation in hospitalised patients: a systematic review. Thorax 2001;56:656-63. - PMC - PubMed
Rigotti 2001
    1. Rigotti NA, Munafo MR, Murphy MF, Stead LF. Interventions for smoking cessation in hospitalised patients. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2001, Issue 2. Art. No: CD001837. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001837] - DOI - PubMed
Rigotti 2003
    1. Rigotti NA, Munafo MR, Murphy MF, Stead LF. Interventions for smoking cessation in hospitalised patients. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2003, Issue 1. Art. No: CD001837. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001837] - DOI - PubMed
Rigotti 2007
    1. Rigotti N, Munafò MR, Stead LF. Interventions for smoking cessation in hospitalised patients. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007, Issue 3. Art. No: CD001837. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001837.pub2] - DOI - PubMed
Rigotti 2012
    1. Rigotti NA, Clair C, Munafò MR, Stead LF. Interventions for smoking cessation in hospitalised patients. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2012, Issue 5. Art. No: CD001837. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001837] - DOI - PMC - PubMed

Associated data