Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2025 Jun;63(3):2373-2392.
doi: 10.1007/s10528-024-10812-7. Epub 2024 May 21.

Studying Human Pathogenic Cryptococcus Gattii Lineages by Utilizing Simple Sequence Repeats to Create Diagnostic Markers and Analyzing Diversity

Mohd Adnan Kausar  1 , Jitendra Narayan  2 , Nishtha Mishra  3 , Yusuf Akhter  4 , Rajeev Singh  5 , Amany Mohammed Khalifa  6 , Amel Bakri Mohammed El-Hag  6 , Ruba Mustafa Elsaid Ahmed  6 , Neetu Tyagi  7 , Sahil Mahfooz  8
Affiliations

Studying Human Pathogenic Cryptococcus Gattii Lineages by Utilizing Simple Sequence Repeats to Create Diagnostic Markers and Analyzing Diversity

Mohd Adnan Kausar et al. Biochem Genet. 2025 Jun.

Abstract

In this study, we compared the occurrence, relative abundance (RA), and density (RD) of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) among the lineages of human pathogenic Cryptococcus gattii using an in-silico approach to gain a deeper understanding of the structure and evolution of their genomes. C. gattii isolate MF34 showed the highest RA and RD of SSRs in both the genomic and transcriptomic sequences, followed by isolate WM276. In both the genomic (50%) and transcriptomic (65%) sequences, trinucleotide SSRs were the most common SSR class. A motif conservation study found that the isolates had stronger conservation (56.1%) of motifs, with isolate IND107 having the most (5.7%) unique motifs. We discovered the presence of SSRs in genes that are directly or indirectly associated with disease using gene enrichment analysis. Isolate-specific unique motifs identified in this study could be utilized as molecular probes for isolate identification. To improve genetic resources among C. gattii isolates, 6499 primers were developed. These genomic resources developed in this study could help with diversity analysis and the development of isolate-specific markers.

Keywords: Diversity; Gene enrichment; Genomic resources; Human pathogens; Motif conservation; Simple sequence repeats.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Declarations. Conflict of Interest: None declared. Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

References

Literature Cited

    1. Abdul W, Aliyu SR, Lin L, Sekete M, Chen X, Otieno FJ, Yang T, Lin Y, Norvienyeku J, Wang Z (2018) Family-four Aldehyde dehydrogenases play an indispensable role in the pathogenesis of Magnaporthe oryzae. Front Plant Sci 9:980. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.00980 - DOI - PubMed - PMC
    1. Almeida F, Wolf JM, Casadevall A (2015) Virulence-Associated enzymes of Cryptococcus neoformans. Eukaryot Cell 14:1173–1185. https://doi.org/10.1128/ec.00103-15 - DOI - PubMed - PMC
    1. Alotaibi NM, Saeed M, Alshammari N, Alabdallah NM, Mahfooz S (2023) Comparative genomics reveals the presence of simple sequence repeats in genes related to virulence in plant pathogenic Pythium ultimum and Pythium vexans. Arch Microbiol 205:256. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-023-03595-9 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Bahn YS, Jung KW (2013) Stress signaling pathways for the pathogenicity of Cryptococcus. Eukaryot Cell 12:1564–1577. https://doi.org/10.1128/ec.00218-13 - DOI - PubMed - PMC
    1. Banerjee U, Datta K, Majumdar T, Gupta K (2001) Cryptococcosis in India: the awakening of a giant? Med Mycol 39:51–67. https://doi.org/10.1080/mmy.39.1.51.67 - DOI - PubMed

MeSH terms

Substances

LinkOut - more resources