Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2024 May 21;23(1):151.
doi: 10.1186/s12944-024-02143-8.

The association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with type 2 diabetes mellitus: recent findings from NHANES 2007-2018

Mo-Yao Tan #  1 , Li Weng #  1 , Zhong-Hao Yang #  1 , Si-Xuan Zhu  2 , Shan Wu  2 , Jun-Hua Su  3
Affiliations

The association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with type 2 diabetes mellitus: recent findings from NHANES 2007-2018

Mo-Yao Tan et al. Lipids Health Dis. .

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to assess the relationship between NHHR (non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in US adults, using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2007 to 2018.

Methods: This study explored the connection between NHHR and T2DM by analyzing a sample reflecting the adult population of the United States (n = 10,420; NHANES 2007-2018). NHHR was characterized as the ratio of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. T2DM was defined based on clinical guidelines. This research used multivariable logistic models to examine the connection between NHHR and T2DM. Additionally, it included subgroup and interaction analyses to assess variations among different groups. Generalized additive models, smooth curve fitting, and threshold effect analysis were also employed to analyze the data further.

Results: The study included 10,420 subjects, with 2160 diagnosed with T2DM and 8260 without. The weighted multivariate logistic regression model indicated an 8% higher probability of T2DM for each unit increase in NHHR (OR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.01-1.15) after accounting for all covariates. Subgroup analysis outcomes were uniform across various categories, demonstrating a significant positive relationship between NHHR and T2DM. Interaction tests showed that the positive link between NHHR and T2DM remained consistent regardless of age, body mass index, smoking status, moderate recreational activities, hypertension, or stroke history, with all interaction P-values exceeding 0.05. However, participants' sex appeared to affect the magnitude of the connection between NHHR and T2DM (interaction P-value < 0.05). Also, a nonlinear association between NHHR and T2DM was discovered, featuring an inflection point at 1.50.

Conclusions: Our study suggests that an increase in NHHR may be correlated with a heightened likelihood of developing T2DM. Consequently, NHHR could potentially serve as a marker for estimating the probability of T2DM development.

Keywords: Cross-sectional study; NHANES; NHHR; Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flowchart of the sample selection from the 2007–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
smoothed curve fitting: Dose-response relationship between NHHR and T2DM.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Jwad SM, Al-Fatlawi HY. Types of diabetes and their effect on the immune system[J] J Adv Pharm Pract. 2022;4:21–30.
    1. Kahn BB. Type 2 diabetes: when insulin secretion fails to compensate for insulin resistance[J] Cell. 1998;92(5):593–6. doi: 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81125-3. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Sun H, Saeedi P, Karuranga S, et al. IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global, regional and country-level diabetes prevalence estimates for 2021 and projections for 2045[J] Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2022;183:109119. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109119. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Ting DSW, Cheung GCM, Wong TY. Diabetic retinopathy: global prevalence, major risk factors, screening practices and public health challenges: a review[J] Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2016;44(4):260–77. doi: 10.1111/ceo.12696. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Smokovski I. Managing diabetes in low income countries[M]. springer; 2021.