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. 2024 May 23:16:e56204.
doi: 10.2196/56204.

Suicide Prevention by Peers Offering Recovery Tactics (SUPPORT) for US Veterans With Serious Mental Illness: Community Engagement Approach

Samantha A Chalker #  1   2 , Jesus Serafez #  1 , Yuki Imai #  1 , Jeffrey Stinchcomb #  1 , Estefany Mendez #  1 , Colin A Depp #  1   2 , Elizabeth W Twamley #  1   2 , Karen L Fortuna #  3 , Marianne Goodman #  4   5 , Matthew Chinman #  6   7
Affiliations

Suicide Prevention by Peers Offering Recovery Tactics (SUPPORT) for US Veterans With Serious Mental Illness: Community Engagement Approach

Samantha A Chalker et al. J Particip Med. .

Abstract

Background: Peer specialists are hired, trained, and accredited to share their lived experience of psychiatric illness to support other similar individuals through the recovery process. There are limited data on the role of peer specialists in suicide prevention, including their role in intervention development.

Objective: To better understand peer specialists within the Veterans Health Administration (VHA), we followed partnership community engagement and a formative research approach to intervention development to (1) identify barriers, facilitators, and perceptions of VHA peer specialists delivering a suicide prevention service and (2) develop and refine an intervention curriculum based on an evidence-informed preliminary intervention framework for veterans with serious mental illness (SMI).

Methods: Following the community engagement approach, VHA local and national peer support and mental health leaders, veterans with SMI, and veteran peer specialists met to develop a preliminary intervention framework. Next, VHA peer specialist advisors (n=5) and scientific advisors (n=6) participated in respective advisory boards and met every 2-4 months for more than 18 months via videoconferencing to address study objectives. The process used was a reflexive thematic analysis after each advisory board meeting.

Results: The themes discussed included (1) the desire for suicide prevention training for peer specialists, (2) determining the role of VHA peer specialists in suicide prevention, (3) integration of recovery themes in suicide prevention, and (4) difficulties using safety plans during a crisis. There were no discrepancies in thematic content between advisory boards. Advisor input led to the development of Suicide Prevention by Peers Offering Recovery Tactics (SUPPORT). SUPPORT includes training in general suicide prevention and a peer specialist-delivered intervention for veterans with SMI at an increased suicide risk. This training aims to increase the competence and confidence of peer specialists in suicide prevention and the intervention supports veterans with SMI at an increased suicide risk through their recovery process.

Conclusions: This paper intends to document the procedures taken in suicide prevention intervention development, specifically those led by peer specialists, and to be a source for future research developing and evaluating similar interventions.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05537376; https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05537376.

Keywords: advisor; community; community engagement; lived experience; participatory design; peer specialist; peer support; recovery; serious mental illness; suicide prevention; veterans.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest: SAC discloses financial support from CAMS-care, LLC (a clinical training/consulting company), and from the Zero Suicide Institute. KLF discloses financial support from Social Wellness, LLC, and Emissary Health. MG discloses financial support from Boehringer Ingleheim Pharmaceuticals. There are no other conflicts of interest to disclose.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Methodological process of community-engaged partnership intervention development approach. VHA: Veterans Health Administration.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Peer specialist protocol for directly asking about suicidal thoughts and what to do next. PI: principal investigator.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Suicide Prevention by Peers Offering Recovery Tactics intervention preliminary intervention curriculum.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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