Proteomic Insights into Osteoporosis: Unraveling Diagnostic Markers of and Therapeutic Targets for the Metabolic Bone Disease

Abstract

Osteoporosis (OP), a prevalent skeletal disorder characterized by compromised bone strength and increased susceptibility to fractures, poses a significant public health concern. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current state of research in the field, focusing on the application of proteomic techniques to elucidate diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for OP. The integration of cutting-edge proteomic technologies has enabled the identification and quantification of proteins associated with bone metabolism, leading to a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying OP. In this review, we systematically examine recent advancements in proteomic studies related to OP, emphasizing the identification of potential biomarkers for OP diagnosis and the discovery of novel therapeutic targets. Additionally, we discuss the challenges and future directions in the field, highlighting the potential impact of proteomic research in transforming the landscape of OP diagnosis and treatment.

Keywords: bone metabolism; diagnostic biomarkers; osteoporosis; proteomics; therapeutic targets.

Figure 1

Summary view of proteomic analysis and application in osteoporosis. Proteomic analysis involves the comprehensive study of proteins expressed by cells, tissues, or biofluids, providing insights into their structure, function, and interactions. In the context of osteoporosis, proteomic techniques like mass spectrometry and protein microarrays systematically identify and characterize proteins associated with bone metabolism and homeostasis. By comparing protein expression patterns between healthy and osteoporosis patients, researchers can pinpoint biomarkers indicative of disease progression or treatment response.