Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2024 May 11;14(10):996.
doi: 10.3390/diagnostics14100996.

Diagnostic Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS) of the Luminal Gastrointestinal Tract

Giovanna Impellizzeri  1 , Giulio Donato  1 , Claudio De Angelis  1 , Nico Pagano  1
Affiliations
Review

Diagnostic Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS) of the Luminal Gastrointestinal Tract

Giovanna Impellizzeri et al. Diagnostics (Basel). .

Abstract

The purpose of this review is to focus on the diagnostic endoscopic ultrasound of the gastrointestinal tract. In the last decades, EUS has gained a central role in the staging of epithelial and sub-epithelial lesions of the gastrointestinal tract. With the evolution of imaging, the position of EUS in the diagnostic work-up and the staging flow-chart has continuously changed with two extreme positions: some gastroenterologists think that EUS is absolutely indispensable, and some think it is utterly useless. The truth is, as always, somewhere in between the two extremes. Analyzing the most up-to-date and strong evidence, we will try to give EUS the correct position in our daily practice.

Keywords: GI tract; diagnostic indications; endoscopic ultrasound.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

All authors disclosed no financial relationships relevant to this publication.

Figures

Figure 7
Figure 7
Elastography showing the high stiffness of a GIST.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Ectopic pancreas in the III layer, with anechoic structures (arrow) without Doppler signal (pancreatic ducts).
Figure 1
Figure 1
Endosonographic image revealing the five layers of the esophageal wall: mucosa (M), muscularis mucosa (MM), submucosa (SM), muscularis propria (MP), and adventitia (A).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Radial EUS image of an esophageal lesion invading the adventitia (uT3).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Esophageal leiomyoma arising from the muscularis propria.
Figure 4
Figure 4
T1b gastric cancer (superficial submucosal invasion).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Advanced gastric cancer (linear scope view).
Figure 6
Figure 6
An exophytic GIST arising from the IV layer.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Advanced rectal cancer (uT3 with muscularis propria thickening and irregularity).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Mekky M.A., Abbas W.A. Endoscopic ultrasound in gastroenterology: From diagnosis to therapeutic implications. World J. Gastroenterol. 2014;20:7801–7807. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i24.7801. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Bhutani M.S. Interventional endoscopic ultrasonography: State of the art at the new millennium. Endoscopy. 2000;32:62–71. doi: 10.1055/s-2000-139. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Norton D., Jones D.B. Endoscopic ultrasound: Diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Intern. Med. J. 2003;33:26–32. doi: 10.1046/j.1445-5994.2003.00338.x. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Rossi G., Petrone M.C., Healey A.J., Arcidiacono P.G. Gastric cancer in 2022: Is there still a role for endoscopic ultrasound? World J. Gastrointest. Endosc. 2023;15:1–9. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v15.i1.1. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. De Angelis C., Bocus P. IEC Atlas of Endoscopic UltraSound. Ed. Minerva Medica; Turin, Italy: 2013.

LinkOut - more resources