Natural HLA antibodies

Abstract

"Natural antibodies" directed against antigens of the Major Histocompatibility Complex have been observed in aged mice but very seldom in humans. It is likely that HLA natural antibodies are more common than previously supposed: our results suggest they may be found in 1% of normal blood donors. Most of these antibodies seem to be weak and can only be detected when B lymphocytes (BL) are used as target cells in the lymphocytotoxicity technique or when indirect immunofluorescence is used with peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). The behavior of these natural IgM antibodies was compared to that of weak immune IgG HLA antibodies detected in the same way. Absorption tests showed that "natural antibodies" were very specifically absorbed, whereas "immune antibodies" could also be absorbed by cells not carrying the specific antigen. Furthermore, about half of the "natural antibodies" detected to date carried the HLA-B8 specificity. Various hypotheses have been put forward to attempt to explain the appearance of these antibodies.