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. 2024 May 11;13(10):1490.
doi: 10.3390/foods13101490.

Volatile Constituents of Some Myrtaceous Edible and Medicinal Fruits from the Brazilian Amazon

Adenilson S Barroso  1 , Lais T Massing  1 , Chieno Suemitsu  1 , Rosa Helena V Mourão  1 , Pablo Luis B Figueiredo  2 , José Guilherme S Maia  2
Affiliations

Volatile Constituents of Some Myrtaceous Edible and Medicinal Fruits from the Brazilian Amazon

Adenilson S Barroso et al. Foods. .

Abstract

Native and exotic fruits from the Amazon have varied characteristics, with aroma being a decisive factor in their acceptance for medicinal use as a nutraceutical supplement. This work aimed to analyze the chemical constituents of the volatile concentrates of some Myrtaceous fruit species sampled in the Brazilian Amazon. The fruit's pulps were subjected to simultaneous distillation-extraction, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to analyze their volatile chemical composition. In the volatile concentrate of Eugenia stipitata (Araçá-boi) α-pinene (17.5%), citronellyl butanoate (15.6%), and pogostol (13.5%) were identified as primary constituents; Eugenia uniflora (Ginja) concentrate comprised curzerene (30.5%), germacrone (15.4%), atractylone (13.1%), and (E)-β-ocimene (11.1%); in Myrciaria dubia (Camu-Camu), α-pinene (55.8%), (E)-β-ocimene (13.1%), and α-terpineol (10.0%) were present; in Psidium guajava (Goiaba) were (2E)-hexenal (21.7%), hexanal (15.4%), caryophylla-4(12),8(13)-dien-5-β-ol (10.5%), caryophyllene oxide (9.2%), and pogostol (8.3%); and in Psidium guineense (Araçá), limonene (25.2%), ethyl butanoate (12.1%), epi-β-bisabolol (9.8%), and α-pinene (9.2%) were the main constituents. The analyzed volatile concentrates of these fruit species presented a significant diversity of constituents with a predominance of functional groups, such as monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and fatty acid derivatives, originating from the plant's secondary metabolism and playing an important role in their nutritional and medicinal uses.

Keywords: edible Brazilian Amazon fruits; terpenes and fatty acid derivatives; volatile concentrates.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Location of fruit collection areas in the Brazilian Amazon.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Eugenia stipitata fruits—trivial name Araçá-boi.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Ion-chromatogram of the Eugentipitateata fruit volatile concentrate.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Eugenia uniflora fruits—trivial names Ginja and Pitanga.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Ion-chromatogram of the Eugenia uniflora fruit volatile concentrate.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Myrciaria dubia fruits—common name Camu-Camu.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Ion-chromatogram of the Myrciaria dubia fruit volatile concentrate.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Psidium guajava fruits—common name Goiaba.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Ion-chromatogram of the Psidium guajava fruit volatile concentrate.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Psidium guineense fruits—Araçá.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Ion-chromatogram of the Psidium guineense fruit volatile concentrate.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) of the Myrtaceae fruit volatile concentrates, based on their classes of compounds.
Figure 13
Figure 13
Principal component analysis (PCA) of the Myrtaceae fruit volatile concentrates, based on their classes of compounds.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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