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Review
. 2024 May 7;29(10):2179.
doi: 10.3390/molecules29102179.

Advances in Extraction Protocols, Degradation Methods, and Bioactivities of Proanthocyanidins

Lishan Liang  1   2 , Yingjie Liu  1   2 , Liyan Wu  1 , Luo Weng  1   2 , Honghao Qiu  1   2 , Wenting Zhong  1   2 , Fanxin Meng  1
Affiliations
Review

Advances in Extraction Protocols, Degradation Methods, and Bioactivities of Proanthocyanidins

Lishan Liang et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

Proanthocyanidins, natural polyphenolic compounds abundantly present in plants, exhibit diverse bioactivities, including antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial effects. These bioactivities are intricately linked to the degree of polymerization of these compounds. Through a comprehensive analysis of recent domestic and international research, this article synthesizes the latest advancements in the extraction process, degradation methods, as well as the biological activities and underlying mechanisms of proanthocyanidins. Furthermore, future research endeavors should prioritize the refinement of extraction techniques, the elucidation of bioactive mechanisms, and the development of formulations with enhanced potency. This will maximize the utilization of proanthocyanidins across diverse applications.

Keywords: bioactivities; degradation; extraction; flavan-3-ols; proanthocyanidins.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of the data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Chemical structure of PCs. (a) PC monomers; (b) PC A; (c) PCs B1-B4; (d) PCs B5-B6; (e) PCs B7-B8; (f) PC C1; (g) PC C2.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Proanthocyanidins’ biological activitities.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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