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. 2024 May 16;60(5):824.
doi: 10.3390/medicina60050824.

Demographic and Socioeconomic Predictors of Prehypertension and Hypertension in the Adult Population: Serbian National Health Survey

Igor Dimitrijev  1 , Snezana Radovanovic  2   3   4 , Zoran Vesic  5 , Goran Colakovic  6 , Viktor Selakovic  7 , Ana Lackovic  8 , Slavica S Djordjevic  1 , Maja Pesic  7 , Danijela Nesovic  9 , Radomir Lazarevic  10 , Ognjen Djordjevic  11 , Olgica Mihaljevic  12 , Aleksandra Obradovic  6 , Verica Vukicevic  6 , Nikoleta Janicijevic  13 , Jovana Radovanovic  7
Affiliations

Demographic and Socioeconomic Predictors of Prehypertension and Hypertension in the Adult Population: Serbian National Health Survey

Igor Dimitrijev et al. Medicina (Kaunas). .

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Prehypertension and hypertension are the most common cardiovascular disorders worldwide and are increasingly considered one of the most serious public health problems, particularly in developing countries. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency and demographic and socioeconomic predictors of prehypertension and hypertension in the adults in Serbia, and to examine the relationship between prehypertension and hypertension and health behavior determinants (smoking, alcohol use, physical activity) and individual aspects of health (a health self-assessment, multimorbidity, BMI, depressive symptoms). Materials and Methods: The research is part of the fourth National Population Health Survey conducted in 2019, which was conducted by the Republic Institute of Statistics, in cooperation with the Institute of Public Health of Serbia and the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Serbia. As a research instrument, questionnaires were used in accordance with the methodology of the European Health Survey. For the purposes of this research, data on the adult population aged 20 and over were used. Results: Women are at a reduced risk for both prehypertension (OR = 0.328) and hypertension (OR = 0.349) by nearly 70%. Similarly, those aged below 60 years have a lower risk for prehypertension and those younger than 40 years have a lower risk for hypertension (OR = 0.995), whereas people with a lower education have a 4.3 times higher risk of prehypertension (OR = 4.323) and a 1.6 times higher risk of hypertension (OR = 1.614). The poor have a 1.4 times higher risk of prehypertension (OR = 1.413) and a 1 times higher risk of hypertension (OR = 1.035). People with multimorbidity have a 1.2 times higher risk of both prehypertension (OR = 1.218) and a 4.8 times higher risk of hypertension (OR = 4.867). Conclusions: Male gender, lower education, poverty, age and the presence of multimorbidity are significant predictors of prehypertension and hypertension in the Serbian adult population, so preventive strategies should be aimed at these sensitive population groups.

Keywords: Serbia; hypertension; national health survey; prehypertension; sociodemographic predictors.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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