A Case Report of Remitting Seronegative Symmetrical Synovitis With Pitting Edema Causing Severe Anemia, Acute Progressive Dementia, and Chronic Eczema in an Older Female

Abstract

Remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema (RS3PE) syndrome is a type of seronegative arthritis characterized by a favorable prognosis (Remitting), absence of rheumatoid factor (Seronegative), symmetry (Symmetrical), and synovitis with pitting edema on the backs of the hands and feet. The cause of RS3PE syndrome remains unknown, but involvement of the immune system is suspected, and steroids are highly effective. Here, we present a case of an 86-year-old woman with severe anemia and bilateral lower limb edema accompanied by chronic eczema, considered to be caused by RS3PE syndrome. The patient's symptoms included bilateral lower limb edema, allergic rash, cognitive decline, and difficulty in moving, all of which were attributed to RS3PE syndrome. Given the variety of systemic symptoms associated with RS3PE syndrome, which can significantly impair the activities of daily living (ADLs) in the elderly, early detection and treatment are crucial.

Keywords: allergic rash; dementia; family medicine; general medicine; older adult; rs3pe syndrome; rural areas.

Figure 1. Exudative eczema and mild edema on right leg at first visit (white arrows)

Figure 2. Right leg one month after the treatment (white arrows)