Overcoming Stigma: The Human Side of Monkeypox Virus

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-57165-7_25

Review

. 2024:1451:383-397.

doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-57165-7_25.

Overcoming Stigma: The Human Side of Monkeypox Virus

Tungki Pratama Umar¹, Nityanand Jain^{2

3}, Reem Sayad⁴, Kevin Tandarto⁵, Shivani Jain⁶, Aigars Reinis^{7

8}

Affiliations

¹ Faculty of Medicine, Sriwijaya University, Dr. Mohammad Ali Street-RSMH Complex, Palembang, 30126, Indonesia. tungkipratama@gmail.com.
² Faculty of Medicine, Riga Stradiņš University, Dzirciema Street 16, Riga, 1007, Latvia. nityapkl@gmail.com.
³ Joint Microbiology Laboratory, Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Pilsonu Street 13, Riga, 1002, Latvia. nityapkl@gmail.com.
⁴ Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Saad Zaghloul, Assiut, 71515, Egypt.
⁵ Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya Street No.2, North Jakarta, Special Capital Region of Jakarta, 14440, Indonesia.
⁶ Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Implantology, Genesis Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Ferozepur - Moga Rd, Firozpur, Punjab, 152002, India.
⁷ Faculty of Medicine, Riga Stradiņš University, Dzirciema Street 16, Riga, 1007, Latvia.
⁸ Joint Microbiology Laboratory, Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Pilsonu Street 13, Riga, 1002, Latvia.

PMID: 38801592
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-57165-7_25

Review

Overcoming Stigma: The Human Side of Monkeypox Virus

Tungki Pratama Umar et al. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2024.

. 2024:1451:383-397.

doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-57165-7_25.

Authors

Tungki Pratama Umar¹, Nityanand Jain^{2

3}, Reem Sayad⁴, Kevin Tandarto⁵, Shivani Jain⁶, Aigars Reinis^{7

8}

Affiliations

¹ Faculty of Medicine, Sriwijaya University, Dr. Mohammad Ali Street-RSMH Complex, Palembang, 30126, Indonesia. tungkipratama@gmail.com.
² Faculty of Medicine, Riga Stradiņš University, Dzirciema Street 16, Riga, 1007, Latvia. nityapkl@gmail.com.
³ Joint Microbiology Laboratory, Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Pilsonu Street 13, Riga, 1002, Latvia. nityapkl@gmail.com.
⁴ Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Saad Zaghloul, Assiut, 71515, Egypt.
⁵ Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Pluit Raya Street No.2, North Jakarta, Special Capital Region of Jakarta, 14440, Indonesia.
⁶ Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Implantology, Genesis Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Ferozepur - Moga Rd, Firozpur, Punjab, 152002, India.
⁷ Faculty of Medicine, Riga Stradiņš University, Dzirciema Street 16, Riga, 1007, Latvia.
⁸ Joint Microbiology Laboratory, Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Pilsonu Street 13, Riga, 1002, Latvia.

PMID: 38801592
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-57165-7_25

Abstract

Monkeypox (Mpox) virus is a zoonotic disease that was recently declared a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) by the World Health Organization (WHO). Symptoms of Mpox include fever, headache, muscle pain, and a rash which starts on the face and spreads to the rest of the body. The stigma surrounding the Mpox virus has been one of the greatest challenges in dealing with the disease. People with Mpox have been often shunned by their communities, and many are afraid to seek medical care for fear of ostracism. For those affected by the virus, this stigma can significantly impact their mental health and quality of life. It is further fueled by misinformation and societal norms. Hence, a multifaceted approach that includes education, awareness campaigns, and community engagement is needed to overcome the stigma associated with Mpox. Effective communication strategies are critical to the dispelling of rumors and the reduction of fear. Interventional measures need to be shaped according to the needs of those affected.

Keywords: Discrimination; Monkeypox; Overcome; Prejudice; Stigma; Virus.

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References

1. Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (2022) Outbreak Brief #16: Monkeypox in African Union Member States. https://africacdc.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/AfricaCDC_MonkeypoxBrie... . Accessed 22th November 2022
1. Ahmed A, Leon A, Butler DC, Reichenberg J (2013) Quality-of-life effects of common dermatological diseases. Semin Cutan Med Surg 32(2):101–109. https://doi.org/10.12788/j.sder.0009 - DOI - PubMed
1. Brower KJ (2021) Professional stigma of mental health issues: physicians are both the cause and solution. Acad Med 96(5):635–640. https://doi.org/10.1097/acm.0000000000003998 - DOI - PubMed - PMC
1. Burki T (2022) What does it mean to declare monkeypox a PHEIC? Lancet Infect Dis 22(9):1286–1287. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(22)00540-0 - DOI - PubMed - PMC
1. Cabanillas B, Valdelvira R, Akdis CA (2022) Monkeypox outbreak in Europe, UK, North America, and Australia: a changing trend of a zoonotic disease. Allergy 77(8):2284–2286. https://doi.org/10.1111/all.15393 - DOI - PubMed

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[1] Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (2022) Outbreak Brief #16: Monkeypox in African Union Member States. https://africacdc.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/AfricaCDC_MonkeypoxBrie... . Accessed 22th November 2022

[2] Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (2022) Outbreak Brief #16: Monkeypox in African Union Member States. https://africacdc.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/AfricaCDC_MonkeypoxBrie... . Accessed 22th November 2022

[3] Ahmed A, Leon A, Butler DC, Reichenberg J (2013) Quality-of-life effects of common dermatological diseases. Semin Cutan Med Surg 32(2):101–109. https://doi.org/10.12788/j.sder.0009 - DOI - PubMed

[4] Ahmed A, Leon A, Butler DC, Reichenberg J (2013) Quality-of-life effects of common dermatological diseases. Semin Cutan Med Surg 32(2):101–109. https://doi.org/10.12788/j.sder.0009 - DOI - PubMed

[5] Brower KJ (2021) Professional stigma of mental health issues: physicians are both the cause and solution. Acad Med 96(5):635–640. https://doi.org/10.1097/acm.0000000000003998 - DOI - PubMed - PMC

[6] Brower KJ (2021) Professional stigma of mental health issues: physicians are both the cause and solution. Acad Med 96(5):635–640. https://doi.org/10.1097/acm.0000000000003998 - DOI - PubMed - PMC

[7] Burki T (2022) What does it mean to declare monkeypox a PHEIC? Lancet Infect Dis 22(9):1286–1287. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(22)00540-0 - DOI - PubMed - PMC

[8] Burki T (2022) What does it mean to declare monkeypox a PHEIC? Lancet Infect Dis 22(9):1286–1287. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(22)00540-0 - DOI - PubMed - PMC

[9] Cabanillas B, Valdelvira R, Akdis CA (2022) Monkeypox outbreak in Europe, UK, North America, and Australia: a changing trend of a zoonotic disease. Allergy 77(8):2284–2286. https://doi.org/10.1111/all.15393 - DOI - PubMed

[10] Cabanillas B, Valdelvira R, Akdis CA (2022) Monkeypox outbreak in Europe, UK, North America, and Australia: a changing trend of a zoonotic disease. Allergy 77(8):2284–2286. https://doi.org/10.1111/all.15393 - DOI - PubMed

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Overcoming Stigma: The Human Side of Monkeypox Virus

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