Epidemiological characteristics of chronic non-communicable diseases in Dongfang, China, 2021: a cross-sectional survey

Abstract

Objectives: The study aimed to understand the composition, epidemiological characteristics and disease burden of chronic non-communicable diseases and to evaluate the association between sociodemographic factors and chronic non-communicable diseases.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Setting and participants: Medical records of 196 761 residents were collected from Dongfang disease surveillance system from January to December 2021.

Primary outcome: Prevalence and disability burden were recorded. Logistic regression was used to investigate the relationship between sociodemography factors and diseases.

Results: Cardiovascular diseases, chronic lower respiratory diseases and other upper respiratory tract diseases were the main chronic non-communicable diseases. In multivariable analysis, men were associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (OR=1.210, 95% CI 1.162 to 1.261) and chronic lower respiratory diseases (OR=1.128, 95% CI 1.079 to 1.180). Older age was associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (OR=83.952, 95% CI 58.954 to 119.550), whereas was associated with decreased risk of chronic lower respiratory diseases (OR=0.442, 95% CI 0.415 to 0.471) and other upper respiratory tract diseases (OR=0.450, 95% CI 0.411 to 0.493). The unemployed and poor household were associated with decreased risk of cardiovascular diseases (OR=0.463, 95% CI 0.412 to 0.521 and OR=0.390, 95% CI 0.342 to 0.444, respectively), whereas were associated with increased risk of chronic lower respiratory diseases (OR=12.219, 95% CI 6.343 to 23.539 and OR=10.954, 95% CI 5.666 to 21.177, respectively) and other upper respiratory tract diseases (OR=2.246, 95% CI 1.719 to 2.936 and OR=3.035, 95% CI 2.308 to 3.991, respectively). Gender and age moderated the association between personnel category and major diseases.

Conclusions: The spectrum and epidemiological characteristics of chronic diseases observed in Dongfang is good evidence for developing prevention guides and health policies for region.

Keywords: China; chronic disease; epidemiology; public health; risk factors.

Figure 1

The proportion of the four categories of diseases among community residents in Dongfang.

Figure 2

The moderation graph of age on personal category and major chronic non-communicable diseases. (A) The moderation graph of age on the employed and cardiovascular diseases; (B) the moderation graph of age on the unemployed and cardiovascular diseases; (C) the moderation graph of age on poor household and cardiovascular diseases; (D) the moderation graph of age on the employed and chronic lower respiratory diseases; (E) the moderation graph of age on the unemployed and chronic lower respiratory diseases; (F) the moderation graph of age on poor household and chronic lower respiratory diseases; (G) the moderation graph of age on the unemployed on other upper respiratory diseases and (H) the moderation graph of age on poor household on other upper respiratory diseases.