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. 2023 Oct 12;53(6):1574-1581.
doi: 10.55730/1300-0144.5726. eCollection 2023.

Protective effects of safranal on kidney tissue in a rat model of distant ischemia-reperfusion injury with infrarenal aortic occlusion

Mehmet Tort  1 , Hülya Sevil  2 , Fehim Can Sevil  1 , Necip Becit  1 , Uğur Aksu  3 , Zülfükar Kadir Saritaş  4 , Hasan Hüseyin Demirel  5 , Aziz Bülbül  6 , Zehra Yaşar  4 , Merve Becit Kizilkaya  7 , Hazen Saritaş  8
Affiliations

Protective effects of safranal on kidney tissue in a rat model of distant ischemia-reperfusion injury with infrarenal aortic occlusion

Mehmet Tort et al. Turk J Med Sci. .

Abstract

Background/aim: Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury to a part of the body can cause damage to distant organs such as the kidney and heart. This study investigated the protective effects of safranal against IR-induced renal injury.

Materials and methods: Used in this study were 24 Wistar Albino male rats, which were divided into 3 equal and randomised groups. The sham group underwent laparotomy only. In the IR group, the infrarenal aorta was clamped for 1 h, and then reperfused for 2 h. In the IR-safranal group, safranal was administered 30 min before the procedure and IR injury was induced in the same way as in the IR group. After the procedure, blood and tissue samples were collected from the rats for biochemical and histopathological analyses. Antioxidant capacity and proinflammatory cytokine analyses were performed on the blood samples. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining was performed to determine the number of cells undergoing apoptosis in the kidney tissue.

Results: The estimated glomerular filtration rate, an indicator of renal function, was lower in the IR group (p1 = 0.024 vs. p3 = 0.041, respectively) compared to the other groups, while creatinine levels were higher in the IR group compared to the other groups (p1 = 0.032 vs. p2 = 0.044, respectively). The blood urea nitrogen level was higher in the IR group than in the other groups (p1 = 0.001vs p2 = 0.035, respectively). The total antioxidant and total oxidant status, indicating tissue oxidative stress, did not differ between groups (p = 0.914 vs. p = 0.184, respectively). Among the proinflammatory cytokines, the interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-6 levels were significantly higher in the IR group (p = 0.034 vs. p = 0.001, respectively), but the tumour necrosis factor-α (p = 0.19), and interferon-γ (p = 0.311) levels did not differ between groups. Histopathological examination showed significantly less damage to glomerular and tubular cells in the IR-safranal group (p < 0.001). The number of TUNEL-positive cells was higher in the IR group compared to the other groups (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: Safranal may have protective effects against kidney damage caused by distant ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Keywords: Infrarenal aortic occlusion; ischemia and reperfusion; renal injury; safranal.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no proprietary or commercial interest in any of the products mentioned or concepts discussed within the article. There are no conflicts of interest to declare.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Histopathological evaluation. Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining, A1: sham group, A2: IR group, A3: IR-safranal group (A2 and A3: thick arrow: enlargement of the Bowman’s space in the glomeruli, thin arrow: degenerative and necrotic changes in the tubular epithelial cells, curled arrow: vacuolization formations in the glomerular capillaries, okbase: hyaline cylinder formations in the tubular lumens).
Figure 2
Figure 2
TUNNEL staining. B1: Sham group, B2: IR group, B3: IR-safranal group (B2 and B3: TUNEL-positive cells are indicated by bold arrows).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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