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. 2024 May 30;24(1):1453.
doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-18968-y.

Global burden of pertussis in 204 countries and territories, from 1990 to 2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Yanwu Nie #  1 , Yu Zhang #  1 , Zhen Yang #  2 , Naibo Wang  1 , Shengnan Wang  1 , Yong Liu  1 , Han Jiang  3 , Lei Wu  4
Affiliations

Global burden of pertussis in 204 countries and territories, from 1990 to 2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Yanwu Nie et al. BMC Public Health. .

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the impact of pertussis on the global, regional, and national levels between 1990 and 2019.

Methods: Data on pertussis on a global scale from 1990 to 2019 were collected from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study. We performed a secondary analysis to report the global epidemiology and disease burden of pertussis.

Results: During the period spanning from 1990 to 2019, pertussis exhibited a steady global decline in the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardized disability-adjusted life years rate (ASYR), and age-standardized death rate (ASDR). Nevertheless, upon delving into an in-depth analysis of various regions, it was apparent that ASIR in southern sub-Saharan Africa, ASYR and ASDR in high-income North America, and ASDR in Western Europe and Australasia, were witnessing an upward trajectory. Moreover, a negative correlation was observed between the Socio‑demographic Index (SDI) and burden inflicted by pertussis. Notably, the incidence of pertussis was comparatively lower in men than in women, with 0-4-year-olds emerging as the most profoundly affected demographic.

Conclusion: The global pertussis burden decreased from 1990 to 2019. However, certain regions and countries faced an increasing disease burden. Therefore, urgent measures are required to alleviate the pertussis burden in these areas.

Keywords: Burden; Epidemiology; GBD 2019; Global trend; Pertussis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
ASIR (A), ASYR (B), and ASDR (C) of whooping cough in different sex and SDI regions from 1990 to 2019. ASIR, age-standardized incidence rate; ASYR, Age-standardized DALY rate; ASDR, age-standardized death rate; DALYs, disability-adjusted life years; SDI, sociodemographic index
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
A ASIR of whooping cough by country in 2019. B EAPC of ASIR by country from 1990 to 2019. C DALYs of whooping cough by country in 2019. D EAPC of DALYs by country from 1990 to 2019. E ASDR of whooping cough by country in 2019. (F) ASDR of DALYs by country from 1990 to 2019. ASIR, age-standardized incidence rate; DALYs, disability-adjusted life years; ASDR, age-standardized death rate; EAPC, estimated annual percentage change
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
The correlation between ASIR (A), age-standardized DALYs rate (B), and ASDR (C) and SDI in 204 countries. The correlation between the EAPC of ASIR (D), the EAPC of Age-standardized DALY rate (E), and the EAPC of ASDR (F) and SDI. ASDR, age-standardized death rate; ASIR, age-standardized incidence rate; DALYs, disability-adjusted life years; EAPC, Estimated annual percentage change; SDI, sociodemographic index
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
The incidence (A), DALYs (B), and death (C) rate of tetanus by age and sex in 2019. DALYs, disability-adjusted life years
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