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. 2024 May 16:15:1335611.
doi: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1335611. eCollection 2024.

The association between testosterone and serum soluble klotho in the females: evidence from the NHANES database

Qi Cao #  1   2   3 , Jiani Zhang #  2   3   4 , Xiaohu Hao  5 , Siyu Du  3 , Lu Ao  6 , Huili Zhu  1   2   3 , Wei Huang  1   2   3
Affiliations

The association between testosterone and serum soluble klotho in the females: evidence from the NHANES database

Qi Cao et al. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). .

Abstract

Objective: This research aimed to elucidate the relationship between testosterone levels and serum soluble klotho (S-klotho) concentrations in females aged 40-79 years using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) dataset.

Design: Associations between testosterone and S-klotho were assessed through multivariable linear regression methodologies, spanning nonadjusted, minimally adjusted, and fully adjusted models.

Settings: The investigation was conducted as a cross-sectional analysis utilizing the NHANES database.

Participants: From 20,146 NHANES participants between 2013 and 2016, 2,444 females met the stipulated inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results: Free androgen index (FAI) showcased a negative correlation with S-klotho levels across all regression models (nonadjusted: β -7.08, 95% CI -13.39- -0.76; minimally adjusted: β -9.73, 95% CI -16.6- -2.84; fully adjusted: β -7.63, 95% CI -14.75-0.51). Conversely, total testosterone did not exhibit significant associations with S-klotho across the models. In the nonadjusted model, estradiol was positively associated with S-klotho concentrations (β 0.14, 95% CI 0.05-0.23), but this significance was not retained in subsequent regression models.

Conclusion: Findings suggest that in U.S. females aged 40-79 years, FAI negatively correlates with S-klotho concentrations, while there is the lack of significant associations for total testosterone and estradiol.

Keywords: NHANES; S-klotho; female; sex hormones; testosterone.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The participants enrollment.
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