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. 2024 Nov;56(11):102978.
doi: 10.1016/j.aprim.2024.102978. Epub 2024 May 30.

[Strategies for the prevention and non-pharmacological treatment of obesity. Models of care]

[Article in Spanish]
Angel Rosales  1 , Lilian Mendoza  2 , Inka Miñambres  3
Affiliations

[Strategies for the prevention and non-pharmacological treatment of obesity. Models of care]

[Article in Spanish]
Angel Rosales et al. Aten Primaria. 2024 Nov.

Abstract
in English, Spanish

The prevalence of obesity has increased in recent years worldwide. In this context, strategies for management obesity in primary care are essential. The first step in the treatment of obesity are lifestyle intervention programs. The three pillars of these programs, ideally of high intensity (high frequency of visits), are dietary intervention, exercise and behavioral therapy. There is no universal model of care for patients with obesity, but it must take into account key aspects, such as facilitating the access and adherence of the patient and a multidisciplinary and coordinated care among professionals at different levels of healthcare. The components of the model of care and its format should be defined according to the resources available and the characteristics of the population to be treated.

La prevalencia de la obesidad se ha incrementado en los últimos años a nivel mundial. En este contexto, las estrategias de abordaje desde atención primaria adquieren una relevancia fundamental. El primer paso en el tratamiento de la obesidad lo constituyen los programas de intervención sobre estilos de vida. Los tres pilares de estos programas, que idealmente deberán ser de alta intensidad (o elevada frecuencia de visitas), son la intervención sobre la dieta, el ejercicio y la terapia conductual. No existe un modelo universal de atención al paciente con obesidad, pero este debe tener en cuenta como aspectos clave la facilitación del acceso y la permanencia del paciente en el circuito y la atención multidisciplinar y coordinada no solo entre los profesionales sino también entre los distintos niveles asistenciales. Los componentes del modelo y su formato deberán definirse según los recursos disponibles y las características de la población a tratar.

Keywords: Atención primaria; Intensive lifestyle intervention program; Modelos de atención; Models of care; Obesidad; Obesity; Primary care; Programa intensivo de intervención en el estilo de vida.

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Figures

Figura 1
Figura 1
Modelos de los estadios del cambio descrito por Prochaska et al. y acciones del terapeuta recomendadas en casa fase.
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