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. 2024 Aug 2:420:110767.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.110767. Epub 2024 May 29.

Genomic-wide analysis of Salmonella enterica strains isolated from peanuts in Brazil

Otávio Guilherme Gonçalves de Almeida  1 , Bruno Gerfi Bertozzi  2 , Liliana de Oliveira Rocha  2 , Aline Morgan von Hertwig  3 , Diana Mara Dias Arroyo  3 , Elaine Cristina Pereira de Martinis  1 , Maristela Silva Nascimento  4
Affiliations

Genomic-wide analysis of Salmonella enterica strains isolated from peanuts in Brazil

Otávio Guilherme Gonçalves de Almeida et al. Int J Food Microbiol. .

Abstract

Peanut-based products have been associated with Salmonella foodborne outbreaks and/or recalls worldwide. The ability of Salmonella to persist for a long time in a low moisture environment can contribute to this kind of contamination. The objective of this study was to analyse the genome of five S. enterica enterica strains isolated from the peanut supply chain in Brazil, as well as to identify genetic determinants for survival under desiccation and validate these findings by phenotypic test of desiccation stress. The strains were in silico serotyped using the platform SeqSero2 as Miami (M2851), Javiana (M2973), Oranienburg (M2976), Muenster (M624), and Glostrup/Chomedey (M7864); with phylogenomic analysis support. Based on Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) the strains were assigned to STs 140, 1674, 321, 174, and 2519. In addition, eight pathogenicity islands were found in all the genomes using the SPIFinder 2.0 (SPI-1, SPI-2, SPI-3, SPI-5, SPI-9, SPI-13, SPI-14). The absence of a SPI-4 may indicate a loss of this island in the surveyed genomes. For the pangenomic analysis, 49 S. enterica genomes were input into the Roary pipeline. The majority of the stress related genes were considered as soft-core genes and were located on the chromosome. A desiccation stress phenotypic test was performed in trypticase soy broth (TSB) with four different water activity (aw) values. M2976 and M7864, both isolated from the peanut samples with the lowest aw, showed the highest OD570nm in TSB aw 0.964 and were statistically different (p < 0.05) from the strain isolated from the peanut sample with the highest aw (0.997). In conclusion, genome analyses have revealed signatures of desiccation adaptation in Salmonella strains, but phenotypic analyses suggested the environment influences the adaptive ability of Salmonella to overcome desiccation stress.

Keywords: Desiccation stress; Food safety; Low water activity; Peanuts; Salmonella pangenome.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Maristela da Silva do Nascimento reports financial support was provided by State of Sao Paulo Research Foundation. Otavio G. G. de Almeida reports financial support was provided by State of Sao Paulo Research Foundation. Elaine Cristina Pereira de Martinis reports financial support was provided by National Council for Scientific and Technological Development. Aline Morgan von Hertwig reports financial support was provided by Coordination of Higher Education Personnel Improvement. Maristela da Silva do Nascimento reports financial support was provided by National Council for Scientific and Technological Development. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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