Infection control issues in critical care: an update

Abstract

NIs continue to be a frequent and serious complication in the critically ill patient. Although not all NIs can be prevented, two essential components of health care practice that are aimed at protecting both patients and staff have been discussed--isolation techniques and handwashing. We have also discussed the infectious complications of intravascular therapy, one of the most essential and common treatments for the critically ill patient. An effective infection control program for critical care must have certain elements: established standards of infection control practice, continual surveillance and feedback regarding infection rates, adequate physical facilities including personnel to maintain a clean environment, orientation and continuing education for personnel, but most important, a staff with a high level of awareness about the need to prevent NI. This awareness is developed by a leader who communicates his/her concern about the issue of infection control.