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. 2024 Jun 4;24(1):322.
doi: 10.1186/s12905-024-03174-0.

Prevalence and risk factors associated with precancerous and cancerous cervical lesions among HIV-infected women in University of Gondar specialized comprehensive referral hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: cross-sectional study design

Elfalet Worku  1 , Getachew Yigizaw  1 , Robel Admassu  1 , Dawit Mekonnen  1 , Winta Gessessa  1 , Zemenu Tessema  2 , Tarkie Walle  3
Affiliations

Prevalence and risk factors associated with precancerous and cancerous cervical lesions among HIV-infected women in University of Gondar specialized comprehensive referral hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: cross-sectional study design

Elfalet Worku et al. BMC Womens Health. .

Abstract

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of death in women worldwide. The majority of the cases are found in developing countries. The increasing risk of cervical cancer prevalence and growing danger of death from cervical cancer and the high occurrence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in women who are HIV positive give us the ground to study the prevalence and associated risk factors.

Objective: The study aims to assess the prevalence of cervical cancer screening and associated risk factors among HIV-positive women attending the Adult ART clinic at the University of Gondar Hospital.

Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to August 2021, on adult HIV-positive women attending the Adult ART clinic at Gondar University Referral Hospital by phone calling patients per week for six months to complete a total of 2744 HIV-positive patients who were not screened for cervical cancer before. The data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to determine the presence and the degree of association between dependent and independent variables. In the multivariable logistic analysis, a P-value of < 0.05 and odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval were considered to determine independent predictors for the prevalence of premalignant or malignant cervical lesions among HIV-positive patients.

Result: This study assessed 915 HIV Positive women who were screened for cervical cancer via visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) as the primary screening tool and found that 24.48% had positive VIA results. Those with VIA-positive cases pathology examination showed 72.4% had abnormal pathology reports (CIN 1/2/3-51.25%, 17.23% cancer & 3.9% CIS), strengthening the finding in many studies that suggest HIV-positive women have a high rate of premalignant lesions.

Keywords: Cancer; Cervix; HIV positive; Precancerous.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid (VIA) test result among women living with HIV who had follow-ups at gondar comprehensive specialized hospital
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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