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. 2025 Jan 1;34(1):1-10.
doi: 10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000899. Epub 2024 Jun 4.

Global, regional, and national burden of ovarian cancer among young women during 1990-2019

Qingyuan Zhuang  1   2 , Gaocheng Gu  1   2 , Jiyu Chen  1   2 , Zhuojun Tang  1   2 , Chenxi Wu  1   2 , Jiahui Liu  1   2 , Lili Qu  1   2
Affiliations

Global, regional, and national burden of ovarian cancer among young women during 1990-2019

Qingyuan Zhuang et al. Eur J Cancer Prev. .

Abstract

Background: Ovarian cancer, the most devastating tumor in women globally, significantly impacts young women, compromising their daily lives and overall well-being. Ovarian cancer represents a significant public health concern due to its extensive physical and psychological consequences.

Material and methods: Data from the Global Burden of Disease were used to assess the global, regional, and national burden of ovarian cancer in young women aged 20-39 from 1990 to 2019. This analysis focused on trends measured by the estimated annual percentage change and explored the socioeconomic impacts via the socio-demographic index (SDI).

Results: During 1990-2019, the incidence and prevalence of ovarian cancer among young women increased globally, with annual rates of 0.74% and 0.89%, respectively. The mortality rate and disability-adjusted life years also rose annually by 0.20% and 0.23%, respectively. A significant burden shift was observed toward regions with lower SDI, with high fasting plasma glucose, BMI, and asbestos exposure identified as prominent risk factors, particularly in lower SDI regions.

Conclusion: Our findings underscore ovarian cancer in young women as an escalating global health challenge, with the burden increasingly shifting toward lower socioeconomic areas. This underscores the necessity for targeted prevention and control strategies for ovarian cancer, focusing on reducing the identified risk factors and ensuring equitable health resource distribution.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The change trends of age-standardized rates (per 100 000 population) of OCAYW among SDI quintiles and regions over three decades. (a) ASIR among SDI quintiles. (b) ASPR among SDI quintiles. (c) ASIR among regions. (d) ASPR among regions; ASIR, age-standardized incidence rate; ASPR, age-standardized prevalence rate; OCAYW, ovarian cancer among young women; SDI, socio-demographic index.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Global maps of EAPC of age-standardized rates of OCAYW by country over three decades. (a) EAPC of ASIR. (b) EAPC of ASPR. ASIR, age-standardized incidence rate; ASPR, age-standardized prevalence rate; EAPC, estimated annual percent change; OCAYW, ovarian cancer among young women; SDI, socio-demographic index.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Age-standardized rates (per 100 000 population) of OCAYW among different regions in 2019. (a) Age-standardized incidence rate. (b) Age-standardized prevalence rate. (c) Age-standardized mortality rate. (d) Age-standardized DALYs rate. (e) Age-standardized YLDs rate. (f) Age-standardized YLLs rate. DALY, disability-adjusted life year; OCAYW, ovarian cancer among young women; SDI, socio-demographic index; YLD, years lived with disability; YLL, years of life lost.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
The change trends of age-standardized rates for OCAYW among SDI quintiles and risk factors. (a) ASMR attributed to high fasting plasma glucose. (b) ASDR attributed to high fasting plasma glucose. (c) ASMR attributed to high body mass index. (d) ASDR attributed to high body mass index. (e) ASMR attributed to occupational exposure to asbestos. (f) ASDR attributed to occupational exposure to asbestos. ASDR, age-standardized DALYs rate; ASMR, age-standardized mortality rate; DALY, disability-adjusted life year; OCAYW, ovarian cancer among young women; SDI, socio-demographic index.
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