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Review
. 2024 May 6;16(5):e59711.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.59711. eCollection 2024 May.

A Systematic Review on the Role of Antibiotics and Analgesics in Systemically Ill Patients Undergoing Tooth Extraction

Akshaya Subhashinee Dhanasekaran 2nd  1 , Muthalagappan P L  1 , ShriKrishna Prasanth  1 , Ezhil Dharshini A  1 , Koushika Mohan  1 , Ananthanarayanan V  1
Affiliations
Review

A Systematic Review on the Role of Antibiotics and Analgesics in Systemically Ill Patients Undergoing Tooth Extraction

Akshaya Subhashinee Dhanasekaran 2nd et al. Cureus. .

Abstract

Antibiotics are commonly prescribed as a preventive measure, particularly post-tooth extraction, aiming to minimize the risk of infection. Preemptive analgesia functions by disrupting the nervous system's ability to encode pain stimuli, thus preventing the formation of pain memory. Dentists often recommend analgesics and antibiotics either as adjuncts or sole treatments for various dental conditions, offering both efficacy and cost-effectiveness. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Science Direct, and Lilac, using MeSH terms relevant to the role of antibiotics and analgesics in systemically ill patients undergoing tooth extraction. Out of 178 articles screened, 83 underwent full-text assessment for eligibility, and six were selected for qualitative analysis. The review process adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, ensuring methodological rigor and transparent reporting. Across diverse study populations, the role of antibiotics and analgesics consistently demonstrated a statistically significant impact. Hence, the utilization of analgesics and antibiotics plays a pivotal role in preventing infection following tooth extraction in systemically ill patients, thereby promoting optimal oral hygiene and overall health.

Keywords: analgesics; antibiotics; extraction; infection; systemically ill.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Flow diagram showing the number of studies identified, screened, and assessed for eligibility, excluded and included in the systematic review
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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