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. 2024 Jun 11;16(11):10074-10107.
doi: 10.18632/aging.205921. Epub 2024 Jun 11.

Immunotherapy, prognostic, and tumor biomarker based on pancancer analysis, SMARCD3

Zishun Guo  1 , Bingji Cao  2 , Zhuozheng Hu  1 , Jiajun Wu  1 , Weijun Zhou  1 , Wenxiong Zhang  1 , Zhihua Shi  2
Affiliations

Immunotherapy, prognostic, and tumor biomarker based on pancancer analysis, SMARCD3

Zishun Guo et al. Aging (Albany NY). .

Abstract

Background: SMARCD3 has recently been shown to be an important gene affecting cancer, playing an important role in medulloblastoma and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Therefore, we conducted this research to investigate the potential involvement of SMARCD3 across cancers and to offer recommendations for future studies.

Methods: Utilizing information on 33 malignancies in the UCSC Xena database, SMARCD3 expression and its prognostic value were assessed. The tumor microenvironment was evaluated with the "CIBERSORT" and "ESTIMATE" algorithms. SMARCD3 and immune-related genes were analyzed using the TISIDB website. The pathways related to the target genes were examined using GSEA. MSI (microsatellite instability), TMB (tumor mutational burden), and immunotherapy analysis were used to evaluate the impact of target genes on the response to immunotherapy.

Results: There is heterogeneity in terms of the expression and prognostic value of SMARCD3 among various cancers, but it is a risk factor for many cancers including uterine corpus endometrial cancer (UCEC), renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), and gastric adenocarcinoma (STAD). GSEA revealed that SMARCD3 is related to chromatin remodeling and transcriptional activation, lipid metabolism, and the activities of various immune cells. The TMB and MSI analyses suggested that SMARCD3 affects the immune response efficiency of KIRC, LUAD and STAD. Immunotherapy analysis suggested that SMARCD3 may be a potential immunotherapy target. RT-qPCR demonstrated the variation in SMARCD3 expression in KIRC, LUAD, and STAD.

Conclusion: Our study revealed that SMARCD3 affects the prognosis and immunotherapy response of some tumors, providing a direction for further research on this gene.

Keywords: SMARCD3; biomarker; immunotherapy; pan-cancer analysis; prognostic.

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Conflict of interest statement

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: The authors declare no conflicts of interest related to this study.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Expression of SMARCD3 in pan-cancer. (A) Expression difference of SMARCD3 between tumor samples and normal tissue; (B) Ranking of SMARCD3 expression in pan-cancer.
Figure 2
Figure 2
KM survival curves based on overall survival in 7 cancers. (A) COAD; (B) HNSC; (C) KIRC; (D) LUAD; (E) THCA; (F) UCFC; (G) UVM.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Correlation between ImmuneScore and SMARCD3 expression in 5 cancers. (A) COAD; (B) DLBC; (C) PRAD; (D) READ; (E) SRAC.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Correlation analysis between SMARCD3 and immune-related genes. (A) Correlation heat map of SMARCD3 and Immunoinhibitor; (B) Correlation heat map of SMARCD3 and Immunostimulator; (C) Correlation heat map of SMARCD3 and MHC; (D) Correlation map of SMARCD3 and LGALS9 in PRAD; (E) Correlation map of SMARCD3 and C10or54 in PRAD; (F) Correlation map of SMARCD3 and HLA-DMB in UCS.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Radar map of TMB versus MSI scores in pan-cancer. (A) Radar chart of TMB score; (B) Radar chart of MSI score.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Immunotherapy analysis of SMARCD3 in three cohorts. (A) Immunotherapy analysis of SMARCD3 in the GSE78220 cohort; (B) Immunotherapy analysis of SMARCD3 in the GSE67501 cohort; (C) Immunotherapy analysis of SMARCD3 in the IMvigor210 cohort. (D) Immunotherapy analysis of SMARCD3 in the GSE126044 cohort.
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