. 2024 Jun 12;13(1):138.

doi: 10.1038/s41377-024-01500-7.

Efficient and stable hybrid perovskite-organic light-emitting diodes with external quantum efficiency exceeding 40 per cent

Lingmei Kong¹, Yun Luo¹, Qianqian Wu¹, Xiangtian Xiao², Yuanzhi Wang¹, Guo Chen¹, Jianhua Zhang³, Kai Wang⁴, Wallace C H Choy⁵, Yong-Biao Zhao⁶, Hongbo Li⁷, Takayuki Chiba⁸, Junji Kido⁸, Xuyong Yang⁹

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Advanced Display and System Applications of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
² Institute of Nanoscience and Applications, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
³ Key Laboratory of Advanced Display and System Applications of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200072, China. jhzhang@shu.edu.cn.
⁴ Institute of Nanoscience and Applications, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China. wangk@sustech.edu.cn.
⁵ Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
⁶ Department of Physics and Lakeside AR/VR Laboratory, International Joint Research Center for Optoelectronic and Engineering Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China.
⁷ Experimental Center of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
⁸ Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Frontier Center for Organic Materials, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, 992-8510, Japan.
⁹ Key Laboratory of Advanced Display and System Applications of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200072, China. yangxy@shu.edu.cn.

PMID: 38866757
PMCID: PMC11169476
DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01500-7

Efficient and stable hybrid perovskite-organic light-emitting diodes with external quantum efficiency exceeding 40 per cent

Lingmei Kong et al. Light Sci Appl. 2024.

. 2024 Jun 12;13(1):138.

doi: 10.1038/s41377-024-01500-7.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Advanced Display and System Applications of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
² Institute of Nanoscience and Applications, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
³ Key Laboratory of Advanced Display and System Applications of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200072, China. jhzhang@shu.edu.cn.
⁴ Institute of Nanoscience and Applications, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China. wangk@sustech.edu.cn.
⁵ Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
⁶ Department of Physics and Lakeside AR/VR Laboratory, International Joint Research Center for Optoelectronic and Engineering Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China.
⁷ Experimental Center of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
⁸ Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Frontier Center for Organic Materials, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, 992-8510, Japan.
⁹ Key Laboratory of Advanced Display and System Applications of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200072, China. yangxy@shu.edu.cn.

PMID: 38866757
PMCID: PMC11169476
DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01500-7

Abstract

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) based on perovskite semiconductor materials with tunable emission wavelength in visible light range as well as narrow linewidth are potential competitors among current light-emitting display technologies, but still suffer from severe instability driven by electric field. Here, we develop a stable, efficient and high-color purity hybrid LED with a tandem structure by combining the perovskite LED and the commercial organic LED technologies to accelerate the practical application of perovskites. Perovskite LED and organic LED with close photoluminescence peak are selected to maximize photon emission without photon reabsorption and to achieve the narrowed emission spectra. By designing an efficient interconnecting layer with p-type interface doping that provides good opto-electric coupling and reduces Joule heating, the resulting green emitting hybrid LED shows a narrow linewidth of around 30 nm, a peak luminance of over 176,000 cd m^-2, a maximum external quantum efficiency of over 40%, and an operational half-lifetime of over 42,000 h.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

**Fig. 1. Device structure and performance.**
a Device structure and b schematic energy band diagram of a hybrid LED. c EL spectra, d *J–V*, e L–V, and f EQE-J characteristics of the PeLED, OLED, and hybrid LED. The star marks the maximum EQE value. Inset in (f) is a photo of a hybrid LED operated under biased voltage of 7.5 V, with an active area of 30 mm × 30 mm

**Fig. 2. Simulation for hybrid LEDs.**
Distribution of charge density in the hybrid LED with a CGL and b m-CGL. Distribution of c electric field and d recombination rate in the hybrid LED with CGL and m-CGL

**Fig. 3. Electrical characteristics.**
a J–V and b C–V characteristics of the ICLs with varying MoO₃ thickness from 0 to 3 nm. c c-AFM images based on ITO/HAT-CN (left) and ITO/HAT-CN/MoO₃ (right). d Changes of surface temperature for PeLEDs with CGL and m-CGL

**Fig. 4. Performance comparison for the hybrid LEDs with different ICLs.**
a EL spectra, b *J–V*, c *L–V*, and d EQE-J characteristics, and e operational stability of the hybrid LEDs with CGL and m-CGL. Inset in (a) is the CIE coordinate of hybrid LEDs

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Efficient and stable hybrid perovskite-organic light-emitting diodes with external quantum efficiency exceeding 40 per cent

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Efficient and stable hybrid perovskite-organic light-emitting diodes with external quantum efficiency exceeding 40 per cent

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