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Meta-Analysis
. 2024 Jun 12;25(1):590.
doi: 10.1186/s12864-024-10493-x.

Association between APOA5 polymorphisms and susceptibility to metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Sima Mozafari  1 , Marziyeh Ashoori  2 , Seyed Mahdi Emami Meybodi  1 , Roya Solhi  3 , Seyed Reza Mirjalili  1 , Ali Dehghani Firoozabadi  1 , Sepideh Soltani  4
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Association between APOA5 polymorphisms and susceptibility to metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Sima Mozafari et al. BMC Genomics. .

Abstract

Background: The association between Apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) genetic polymorphisms and susceptibility to metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been established by many studies, but there have been conflicting results from the literature. We performed a meta-analysis of observational studies to evaluate the association between APOA5 gene polymorphisms and the prevalence of MetS.

Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus were searched up to April 2024. The random effects model was used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the association between APOA5 gene polymorphisms and the prevalence of MetS development. The potential sources of heterogeneity were evaluated by subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses.

Results: A total of 30 studies with 54,986 subjects (25,341 MetS cases and 29,645 healthy controls) were included. The presence of rs662799 and rs651821 polymorphisms is associated with an approximately 1.5-fold higher likelihood of MetS prevalence (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.32, 1.53, p < 0.001; I2 = 67.1%; P-heterogeneity < 0.001; and OR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.36-1.65, p < 0.001), respectively. MetS is also more prevalent in individuals with the genetic variants rs3135506 and rs2075291. There was no evidence of a connection with rs126317.

Conclusion: The present findings suggest that polymorphisms located in the promoter and coding regions of the APOA5 gene are associated with an increased prevalence of MetS in the adult population. Identifying individuals with these genetic variations could lead to early disease detection and the implementation of preventive strategies to reduce the risk of MetS and its related health issues. However, because the sample size was small and there was evidence of significant heterogeneity for some APOA5 gene polymorphisms, these results need to be confirmed by more large-scale and well-designed studies.

Keywords: Apolipoprotein A5; Meta-analysis; Metabolic syndrome; Polymorphisms; Single nucleotide polymorphism.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flow diagram for the eligible study selection process
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome associated with rs662799. The black square and horizontal line represent the study-specific odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI, respectively; the area of the black square is proportional to the specific-study weight to the overall meta-analysis. The center of the open diamond presents the pooled OR and its width represents the pooled 95% CI. Weights are from random-effects analysis
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome associated with rs3135506. The black square and horizontal line represent the study-specific odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI, respectively; the area of the black square is proportional to the specific-study weight to the overall meta-analysis. The center of the open diamond presents the pooled OR and its width represents the pooled 95% CI. Weights are from random-effects analysis
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome associated with rs651821 (A), rs2075291 (B), rs126317 (C). The black square and horizontal line represent the study-specific odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI, respectively; the area of the black square is proportional to the specific-study weight to the overall meta-analysis. The center of the open diamond presents the pooled OR and its width represents the pooled 95% CI. Weights are from random-effects analysis
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