Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2024 Sep;38(3):475-485.
doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2024.04.004. Epub 2024 Jun 13.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Vaccine: Promise and Challenges

Daniel S Graciaa  1 , Stephen R Walsh  2 , Nadine Rouphael  3
Affiliations
Review

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Vaccine: Promise and Challenges

Daniel S Graciaa et al. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2024 Sep.

Abstract

Development of a safe and effective human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine is a persistent challenge despite decades of research. Previous strategies utilizing protein subunit and viral vector vaccines were safe but not protective. Current strategies seek to induce broadly neutralizing antibodies, with multiple early phase trials in progress seeking to achieve this through sequential vaccination, mRNA, or updated viral-vectored vaccines. A safe and effective vaccine is critical to ending the HIV epidemic.

Keywords: Broadly neutralizing antibodies; HIV vaccine; Prevention; mRNA.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Disclosure This work was supported by National Institutes of Health, United States (NIH)/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) grants UM1AI069412 (S.R. Walsh) and UM1AI148576 (N. Rouphael) and by Infectious Diseases Clinical Research Consortium through NIH/NIAID under award number UM1AI148684 (D.S. Graciaa). S.R. Walsh has received institutional funding from NIH/NIAID; and institutional grants or contracts from Sanofi Pasteur, Janssen Vaccines/Johnson & Johnson, Moderna Tx, Pfizer, Vir Biotechnology, and Worcester HIV Vaccine; has participated on data safety monitoring or advisory boards for Janssen Vaccines/Johnson & Johnson and BioNTech; and his spouse holds stock/stock options in Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. N. Rouphael serves as safety consultant for ICON, CyanVac and EMMES. She serves or has served on the advisory boards for Sanofi, Seqirus, Pfizer and Moderna. Emory receives funds for N. Rouphael to conduct research from Sanofi, Lilly, Merck, Quidel, Immorna, Vaccine Company and Pfizer.

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. UNAIDS. Global HIV & AIDS statistics — Fact sheet. https://www.unaids.org/en/resources/fact-sheet. Accessed 20 November 2023.
    1. Fauci AS. An HIV Vaccine Is Essential for Ending the HIV/AIDS Pandemic. JAMA. 2017;318(16):1535–1536. - PubMed
    1. Frescura L, Godfrey-Faussett P, Feizzadeh AA, et al. Achieving the 95 95 95 targets for all: A pathway to ending AIDS. PLoS One. 2022;17(8):e0272405. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Medlock J, Pandey A, Parpia AS, Tang A, Skrip LA, Galvani AP. Effectiveness of UNAIDS targets and HIV vaccination across 127 countries. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017;114(15):4017–4022. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Flynn NM, Forthal DN, Harro CD, et al. Placebo-controlled phase 3 trial of a recombinant glycoprotein 120 vaccine to prevent HIV-1 infection. J Infect Dis. 2005;191(5):654–665. - PubMed

MeSH terms