Kinematic Assessment Utilizing Xsens Gait Motion Analysis in Upper Cross Syndrome: A Case Report

Abstract

Upper crossed syndrome (UCS) characterizes a prevalent postural dysfunction involving dysfunctional tone in the musculature of the shoulder girdle and cervicothoracic region. The discordant balance among the sternocleidomastoid, pectoralis major, levator scapulae, and upper trapezius musculature potentially precipitated cervical discomfort, thereby hindering routine activities and fostering the progression of UCS. Clinical scales are routinely utilized to assess and monitor the progress of rehabilitation; nonetheless, they often present inherent limitations. In contrast, advancements in three-dimensional (3D) motion capture technology furnish detailed kinematic data, thereby augmenting the capacity to objectively quantify and elucidate movement deficits with heightened precision. This case highlights the critical significance of employing kinematic analysis with Xsens as an outcome measure to elucidate the intricacies of UCS, thereby offering invaluable insights for therapeutic interventions in similar clinical scenarios and providing objective insights into movement biomechanics, muscular function, and functional limitations. Leveraging this information, clinicians can skillfully tailor treatment modalities to address underlying musculoskeletal imbalances, ultimately optimizing patient outcomes. In this case study, we examine the kinematic analysis of a 48-year-old office worker experiencing persistent headaches, restricted range of motion, and neck and shoulder pain over a four-month period. Despite prior interventions, symptomatology deteriorated, prompting consultation with a neurophysiotherapist. The evaluation revealed localized pain in the right shoulder, upper back, and neck, characterized by gradual onset and dull ache, exacerbated by activity and alleviated by rest and medication, without diurnal fluctuations. Physical examination delineated UCS features. Following the implementation of a four-week physiotherapy rehabilitation protocol, initial assessments utilizing Xsens gait motion analysis were undertaken. Subsequent to the rehabilitation program, significant improvements were noted across various parameters. These encompassed augmented range of motion, heightened muscular strength, and enhanced flexibility. Additionally, discernible enhancements were observed in posture and gait, characterized by the restoration of normal cervical spine curvature and an expanded range of motion.

Keywords: kinetic analysis; physiotherapy; posture; rehabilitation; upper cross syndrome.

Figure 1. Patient performing finger ladder exercise

Figure 2. Patient performing shoulder wheel exercise

Figure 3. (A) Xsens kit, (B) dongle, (C) sensor, (D) charging portal, (E) 21 sensors

Figure 4. Avatar movements in three views