Person-Centered Coordinated Care Experience of People With Long-Term Conditions in the Balearic Islands Measured by the P3CEQ

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to use the Person-Centered Coordinated Care Experience Questionnaire (P3CEQ) to assess the experience of person-centered coordinated care among people with long-term conditions in the Balearic Islands, Spain.

Methods: Over 1300 participants receiving treatment for chronic conditions or HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis were invited to complete the P3CEQ and a socio-demographic questionnaire, both administered electronically via the Naveta app. The P3CEQ assesses the key domains of the P3C through an 11-item questionnaire. Items 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9 and 10 assess specifically person-centredness (PC subscale), while items 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 measure care coordination (CC subscale; question 7 includes 4 sub-questions to specifically assess care plans). Descriptive statistics were used to summarize patient characteristics and P3CEQ items scores. Data analysis included chi-squared test of independence, Student's t-test and analysis of variance test. Pairwise comparisons were adjusted by Bonferroni correction.

Results: The P3CEQ and a socio-demographic questionnaire were sent to 1313 individuals (651 men, 657 women, 5 'other gender'). A response rate of 35.34% was achieved, with 464 P3CEQ responders (223 men and 241 women). Significant differences in response rates were observed by age, smoking status, alcohol consumption, membership of patient organizations, and use of alternative medicine. Care planning was rated significantly lower than other measured domains. Women experienced less person-centered care than men (16.64 vs 17.91) and rated care coordination worse than their male counterparts (9.18 vs 10.23). There were also differences in scores between medical condition types, with cancer and inflammatory bowel disease patients rating highest for both person-centered care (21.20 and 19.13, respectively) and care coordination (10.70 vs 10.88, respectively). Patients with skin and rheumatic diseases rated lowest their experience of person-centered care. People with higher education and those employed or studying experienced better person-centeredness.

Conclusion: Using the P3CEQ, we detected significant differences in the care experiences of people with chronic conditions, suggesting the need to address potential gender biases, social inequalities, and the poorer ratings observed for certain conditions in the study population.

Keywords: P3CEQ; PREMs; chronic conditions; coordinated care; integrated care; person-centered care; value based healthcare.

Figure 1.

Flow chart of study participants. Abbreviations: PREMs, patient-reported experience measures, P3CEQ: person-centered coordinated care experience questionnaire.

Figure 2.

Distribution of P3CEQ responders and non-responders by type of medical condition. *Significant differences in the response rate across medical condition type. Abbreviations: IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; HIV PrEP, HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis.

Figure 3.

Radar chart of the person-centeredness and coordinated care subscales by type of medical condition. Abbreviations: CC, coordinated care; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; HIV PrEP, HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis; PC, person-centeredness.