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Review
. 2024 May 30;25(11):6002.
doi: 10.3390/ijms25116002.

The Diagnostic and Prognostic Potentials of Non-Coding RNA in Cholangiocarcinoma

Rita Andrade  1   2 , Ilda Patrícia Ribeiro  2   3   4   5 , Isabel Marques Carreira  2   3   4   5 , José Guilherme Tralhão  1   2   4   5
Affiliations
Review

The Diagnostic and Prognostic Potentials of Non-Coding RNA in Cholangiocarcinoma

Rita Andrade et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare biliary tract tumor with high malignancy. CCA is the second most common primary hepatobiliary cancer after hepatocarcinoma. Despite its rarity, the incidence of CCA is steadily increasing globally. Most patients with CCA are asymptomatic in the early stages, resulting in a late-stage diagnosis and poor prognosis. Finding reliable biomarkers is essential to improve CCA's early diagnosis and survival rate. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are non-protein coding RNAs produced by genomic transcription. This includes microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs. ncRNAs have multiple functions in regulating gene expression and are crucial for maintaining normal cell function and developing diseases. Many studies have shown that aberrantly expressed ncRNAs can regulate the occurrence and development of CCA. ncRNAs can be easily extracted and detected through tumor tissue and liquid biopsies, representing a potential tool for diagnosing and prognosis CCA. This review will provide a detailed update on the diagnostic and prognostic potentials of lncRNAs and cirRNAs as biomarkers in CCA.

Keywords: biomarker; cholangiocarcinoma; circular RNA; diagnosis; long non-coding RNA; non-coding RNA; prognosis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Interaction of different ncRNAs (miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs): these three non-coding RNAs may interact and function independently.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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