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. 2024 Jun 3;16(11):2128.
doi: 10.3390/cancers16112128.

The Epidemiological Particularities of Malignant Hemopathies in French Guiana: 2005-2014

Mathieu Nacher  1   2   3 , Qiannan Wang  4 , Beatrice Cenciu  5 , Alolia Aboikoni  1   6 , Florin Santa  7 , Fabrice Quet  1 , Fanja Vergeade  8 , Antoine Adenis  1   2   3 , Nathalie Deschamps  1 , Kinan Drak Alsibai  4   9   10
Affiliations

The Epidemiological Particularities of Malignant Hemopathies in French Guiana: 2005-2014

Mathieu Nacher et al. Cancers (Basel). .

Abstract

French Guiana is a French Overseas territory with singular features: it has a high prevalence of HIV and HTLV-1, its population is ethnically mixed, with widespread poverty, and up to 20% of the population lives in geographic isolation. In this context, we used registry data to estimate incidence and mortality due to hematological malignancies and to compare them with France and tropical Latin America. ICD codes C90 and C88 were compiled between 2005 and 2014. The direct standardization of age structure was performed using the world population. Survival analysis was performed, and Kaplan-Meier curves were drawn. The overall standardized incidence rate was 32.9 per 100,000 male years and 24.5 per 100,000 female years. Between 2005 and 2009, the standardized incidence rate was 29.6 per 100,000 among men and 23.6 per 100,000 among women, and between 2010 and 2014, it was 35.6 per 100,000 among men and 25.2 per 100,000 among women. Multiple myeloma/plasmocytoma and mature t/NK cell lymphomas, notably adult t-cell lymphoma/leukemia due to HTLV-1 infection, were the two most common hematologic malignancies and causes of death. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma incidence estimates were greater than global estimates. After adjusting for age, sex, and type of malignancy, people born in a foreign country independently had a poorer case-fatality rate, presumably reflecting difficulties in accessing care. The epidemiology of hematological malignancies in French Guiana has features that distinguish it from mainland France or from Latin America. The incidence of multiple myeloma and adult t-cell lymphoma/leukemia was significantly greater in French Guiana than in France or other Latin American countries.

Keywords: HTLV-1; Latin America; adult t-cell lymphoma; incidence; malignant hemopathies; mortality; multiple myeloma.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Incidence of hematologic malignancies by age and sex.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Crude incidence of hematologic malignancies by age and sex.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The diagnoses that were identified.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Adult T-cell lymphoma/leukemia: number of cases by age and sex.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Hematologic malignancies among individuals with HTLV-1 infection.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Hematologic malignancies among people living with HIV.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Number of deaths from malignant hemopathies in French Guiana, 2005–2014: main histological diagnoses.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Standardized annual incidence and death rate for the main hematological malignancies in French Guiana, 2005–2014.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Standardized annual incidence and death rate for the main hematological malignancies: comparisons between French Guiana, tropical Latin America, and the world. ASIR: age-standardized incidence rate; ASDR age-standardized death rate.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Incidence of death among patients with a hematological malignancy by age group.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Incidence of death among patients with a hematological malignancy by birthplace.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Incidence of death among patients with a hematological malignancy by type of malignancy.
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