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. 2024 Jun 4:12:1386310.
doi: 10.3389/fped.2024.1386310. eCollection 2024.

Epidemiological and microbiological characteristics of S. aureus pediatric infections in Colombia 2018-2021, a national multicenter study (Staphylored Colombia)

Ivan Gutierrez-Tobar  1   2   3 , Cristobal Carvajal  3   4 , Pablo Vasquez-Hoyos  3   5   6   7 , Alejandro Díaz-Díaz  3   8   9 , Juan Pablo Londono Ruiz  2   3 , Joam Andrade  3   10 , Jhon Camacho-Cruz  3   5   6   7   11   12 , Andrea Restrepo-Gouzy  8 , Monica Trujillo-Honeysberg  8 , Juan Gonzalo Mesa-Monsalve  13 , Ignacio Perez  14 , Richard Von Moltke  3   4 , Maria Beltran-Echeverry  1   3   7 , Jessica F Toro  15 , Angela P Niño  15 , Germán Camacho-Moreno  16   17 , Juan Pablo Calle-Giraldo  18   19   20 , Nancy Yhomara Cabeza  18 , Lina Marcela Sandoval-Calle  21 , Paola Perez Camacho  21 , Jaime Patiño Niño  21 , Paula Araque-Muñoz  22   23 , Yazmin Rodríguez-Peña  22   23 , Claudia Beltran-Arroyave  24 , Yamile Chaucanez-Bastidas  25 , Juan Lopez  16 , Diego Galvis-Trujillo  16 , Sandra Beltrán-Higuera  26   27 , Ana-Cristina Marino  10 , Natalia González Leal  28 , Miguel Ángel Luengas Monroy  10 , Derly Carolina Hernandez-Moreno  10 , Rosalba Vivas Trochez  29   30 , Carlos Garces  31 , Eduardo López-Medina  32   33   34
Affiliations

Epidemiological and microbiological characteristics of S. aureus pediatric infections in Colombia 2018-2021, a national multicenter study (Staphylored Colombia)

Ivan Gutierrez-Tobar et al. Front Pediatr. .

Abstract

Background: Staphylococcus aureus infections are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in pediatric populations worldwide. The Staphylo Research Network conducted an extensive study on pediatric patients across Colombia from 2018 to 2021. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological and microbiological characteristics of S. aureus in this patient group.

Methods: We analyzed S. aureus isolates from WHONET-reporting centers. An "event" was a positive culture isolation in a previously negative individual after 2 weeks. We studied center characteristics, age distribution, infection type, and antibiotic susceptibilities, comparing methicillin sensitive (MSSA) and resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates.

Results: Isolates from 20 centers across 7 Colombian cities were included. Most centers (80%) served both adults and children, with 55% offering oncology services and 85% having a PICU. We registered 8,157 S. aureus culture isolations from 5,384 events (3,345 MSSA and 1,961 MRSA) in 4,821 patients, with a median age of 5 years. Blood (26.2%) and skin/soft tissue (18.6%) were the most common infection sources. Most isolates per event remained susceptible to oxacillin (63.2%), clindamycin (94.3%), and TMP-SMX (98.3%). MRSA prevalence varied by city (<0.001), with slightly higher rates observed in exclusively pediatric hospitals. In contrast, the MRSA rate was somewhat lower in centers with Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASP). MRSA was predominantly isolated from osteoarticular infections and multiple foci, while MSSA was more frequently associated with recurrent infections compared to MRSA.

Conclusions: This is the largest study of pediatric S. aureus infections in Colombia. We found MSSA predominance, but resistance have important regional variations. S. aureus remains susceptible to other commonly used antibiotics such as TMP-SMX and clindamycin. Ongoing monitoring of S. aureus infections is vital for understanding their behavior in children. Prospective studies within the Staphylored LATAM are underway for a more comprehensive clinical and genetic characterization.

Keywords: Colombia; LATAM countries; MRSA—methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; MSSA (methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus); S. aureus; epidemiology; pediatric infections.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Source of S. aureus pediatric infections.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Percentage of resistance to different antibiotics 2018–2021 for single events (n = 5,384). TMP-SMX, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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