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Editorial
. 2024 Apr 11:25:104-110.
doi: 10.1016/j.xjtc.2024.03.019. eCollection 2024 Jun.

Anatomical considerations and surgical technique of porcine cardiac xenotransplantation

Syed T Hussain  1 , Akshay Kumar  1 , Justin Chan  1 , Les James  1 , Deane Smith  1 , Nader Moazami  1
Affiliations
Editorial

Anatomical considerations and surgical technique of porcine cardiac xenotransplantation

Syed T Hussain et al. JTCVS Tech. .
No abstract available

Keywords: cardiac xenotransplantation; genetic modification; immunosuppression; porcine heart; procurement.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors reported no conflicts of interest. The Journal policy requires editors and reviewers to disclose conflicts of interest and to decline handling or reviewing manuscripts for which they may have a conflict of interest. The editors and reviewers of this article have no conflicts of interest.

Figures

None
Preparation of donor pig heart for xenotransplantation.
Figure 1
Figure 1
Dorsal view of the heart showing the relationship of the superior vena cava (SVC) and the inferior vena cava (IVC; forceps within its lumen) opening into the right atrium at right angles. RV, Right ventricle.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Dorsal view of the heart showing large azygous vein on the left side draining into the coronary sinus (CS).
Figure 3
Figure 3
A, Anterior aspect of pig heart with a “valentine” shape, blunt left ventricle (LV) apex and large triangular left auricle. B, Dorsal surface of the heart showing the LV, right ventricle (RV), and the left auricle and (C) pulmonary veins with the forceps passing through it, opening into the left atrium.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Position of the sinoatrial (SA) node at the junction of superior vena cava and right atrial appendage. SVC, Superior vena cava; IVC, inferior vena cava.
Figure E1
Figure E1
The right atrial (RA) cavity opened and showing the coronary sinus orifice, the right atrial appendage (RAA) with thick pectinate muscle, septal leaflet of tricuspid valve (STL) and the location of the membranous septum (black arrow). CS, Coronary sinus.
Figure E2
Figure E2
The RV (right ventricle) cavity opened up showing the moderator band (MB), originating higher on the septal wall and attached to the anterior papillary muscle (APM). The trabeculae prominent and coarse and toward the apex (black arrows).
Figure E3
Figure E3
Preparation for donor pig procurement showing short and narrow proximal aorta (black arrow) with cardioplegia needle in innominate artery, umbilical tape around proximal arch, and inferior vena cava (blue arrow) looped with umbilical tape. SVC, Superior vena cava; PA, pulmonary artery; IVC, inferior vena cava; RV, right ventricle.
Figure E4
Figure E4
Illustration showing the donor pig heart with the great vessels and cardioplegia catheter in distal ascending aorta. SVC, Superior vena cava; IVC, inferior vena cava.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Jou S., Mendez S.R., Feinman J., et al. Heart transplantation: advances in expanding the donor pool and xenotransplantation. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2024;21(1):25–36. - PubMed
    1. Griffith B.P., Goerlich C.E., Singh A.K., et al. Genetically modified porcine-to-human cardiac xenotransplantation. N Engl J Med. 2022;387:35–44. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Moazami N., Stern J.M., Khalil K., et al. Pig-to-human heart xenotransplantation in two recently deceased human recipients. Nat Med. 2023;29(8):1989–1997. doi: 10.1038/s41591-023-02471-9. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Montgomery R.A., Stern J.M., Lonze B.E., et al. Results of two cases of pig-to-human kidney xenotransplantation. N Engl J Med. 2022;386(20):1889–1898. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2120238. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Crick S.J., Sheppard M.N., Ho S.Y., Gebstein L., Anderson R.H. Anatomy of the pig heart: comparisons with normal human cardiac structure. J Anat. 1998;193:105–119. - PMC - PubMed

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