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. 2024 Jun 13;12(12):1191.
doi: 10.3390/healthcare12121191.

Effects of a Multicomponent Preventive Intervention in Women at Risk of Sarcopenia: A Pilot Study

Violeta Rios-Escalante  1   2 , Juan Carlos Perez-Barba  3 , Maria Claudia Espinel-Bermudez  1   2   3   4 , Ana Bertha Zavalza-Gomez  3 , Elva Dolores Arias-Merino  1 , Maria G Zavala-Cerna  5 , Sergio Sanchez-Garcia  6 , Xochitl Trujillo  7 , Arnulfo Hernan Nava-Zavala  8   9   10
Affiliations

Effects of a Multicomponent Preventive Intervention in Women at Risk of Sarcopenia: A Pilot Study

Violeta Rios-Escalante et al. Healthcare (Basel). .

Abstract

Sarcopenia is defined by the presence of decreased skeletal muscle mass, strength, and functionality in older people. Multicomponent interventions represent an alternative to non-pharmacological treatment for preventing disease progression. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a multicomponent intervention approach in women at risk of sarcopenia.

Methods: A quasi-experimental pilot study of 12 weeks was conducted, with 24 sessions of dancing and resistance exercises and 12 sessions of nutritional education. The outcomes were changes in muscle mass, grip strength, gait speed, and body composition. The project was registered on Clinical Trials: NCT06038500 (14 September 2023).

Results: Twelve women aged 55-75 years participated in this study; after the intervention, changes were found in the following variables: grip strength, from 18.70 (17.98-19.23) at baseline to 21.57 (20.67-23.16) kg (p = 0.002); gait speed, from 0.95 (0.81-1.18) at baseline to 1.34 (1.20-1.47) m/s (p = 0.003); and hip circumference, from 99.75 (94.75-110.37) at baseline to 97.65 (93.92-109.50) cm (p = 0.023). Other measurements that appeared without changes were appendicular skeletal muscle mass, from 21.17 (18.58-22.33) at baseline to 20.77 (18.31-22.39) kg (p = 0.875), and the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index, from 8.64 (8.08-9.35) at baseline to 8.81 (7.91-9.38) kg/m2 (p = 0.875) after the intervention.

Conclusions: The three-month multicomponent intervention in women at risk of sarcopenia improved their grip strength and gait speed.

Keywords: aging; multicomponent; preventive; sarcopenia.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The founders had no role in the design of the study, collection, analysis, or interpretation of data, neither in the writing of the manuscript nor in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Sample eligibility flowchart for the study.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Boxplots before and after changes in the sarcopenia components. (a) Changes in grip strength from baseline to post-intervention. (b) Changes in gait speed from baseline to post-intervention. (c,d) Changes in ASMMI and ASMM, respectively, from baseline to post-intervention. The box represents the 25th and 75th percentiles, and the line represents the median. The circles represent outliers, and the asterisks in the boxplots for hand strength and gait speed indicate statistically significant differences between the basal and post-intervention measurements (Wilcoxon test). ASMMI: appendicular skeletal muscle mass index, ASMM: appendicular skeletal muscle mass, kg: kilograms, m: meters, s: seconds.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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