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Review
. 2024 Oct;119(10):1029-1038.
doi: 10.1111/vox.13699. Epub 2024 Jun 23.

Transfusion support and pre-transfusion testing in autoimmune haemolytic anaemia

Marilène Binsfeld  1 , Anaïs Devey  1 , André Gothot  1
Affiliations
Free article
Review

Transfusion support and pre-transfusion testing in autoimmune haemolytic anaemia

Marilène Binsfeld et al. Vox Sang. 2024 Oct.
Free article

Abstract

Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA) is characterized by an increased destruction of red blood cells due to immune dysfunction and auto-antibody production. Clinical manifestations are mainly related to anaemia, which can become life-threatening in case of acute haemolysis. Aiming at counterbalancing severe anaemia, supportive treatments for these patients frequently include transfusions. Unfortunately, free serum auto-antibodies greatly interfere in pre-transfusion testing, and the identification of compatible red blood cell units for AIHA patients can be challenging or even impossible. Problems faced in pre-transfusion testing often lead to delay or abandonment of transfusions for AIHA patients. In this review, we discuss publications concerning global transfusion management in AIHA, with a focus on pre-transfusion testing, and practical clues to manage the selection of transfusion units for these patients. Depending on the degree of transfusion emergency, we propose an algorithm for the selection and laboratory testing of units to be transfused to AIHA patients.

Keywords: autoimmune haemolytic anaemia; pre‐transfusion testing; transfusion; transfusion algorithm; transfusion laboratory issues.

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References

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