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. 2024 Jun 7;12(6):1271.
doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12061271.

Biomarkers and Biochemical Indicators to Evaluate Bone Metabolism in Preterm Neonates

Gabriele D'Amato  1 , Vincenzo Brescia  2 , Antonietta Fontana  2 , Maria Pia Natale  1 , Roberto Lovero  2 , Lucia Varraso  2 , Francesca Di Serio  2 , Simonetta Simonetti  3 , Paola Muggeo  4 , Maria Felicia Faienza  5
Affiliations

Biomarkers and Biochemical Indicators to Evaluate Bone Metabolism in Preterm Neonates

Gabriele D'Amato et al. Biomedicines. .

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the concentrations of some bone turnover markers in preterm neonates with uncomplicated clinical course in the first month of life. Samples from 13 preterm neonates were collected at three different times: at birth (T0) from umbilical cord blood (UCB); and at 15 (T1) and 30 (T2) days of life from peripheral blood (PB). The concentrations of calcium (Ca), phosphate (P), total alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Collagen Type 1 Amino-terminal Propeptide (PINP), osteocalcin (OC), Collagen Type 1 Carboxyl-Terminal Telopeptide (CTX) and Leptin were assessed. A statistically significant difference for ALP concentration at birth versus T1 and T2 was found. An evident increase in the median concentrations of CTX, OC and PINP from T0 to T2 were observed. A significant difference was also found for Leptin concentration at T0 compared to T1. In preterm infants, in the absence of acute or chronic medical conditions and without risk factors for metabolic bone disease (MBD) of prematurity, there is a significant increase in bone turnover markers during the first month of life. The knowledge of the variations in these markers in the first weeks of life, integrated by the variations in the biochemical indicators of bone metabolism, could help in recognizing any conditions at risk of developing bone diseases.

Keywords: bone biomarkers; collagen type 1 carboxyl-terminal telopeptide (CTX); collagen type I amino-terminal propeptide (PINP); leptin; metabolic bone disease (MBD) of prematurity; osteocalcin; preterm newborns; total alkaline phosphatase (ALP).

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(a–c). Boxplots of the total concentrations of Ca (mmol/L) (a), P (mmol/L) (b), ALP (U/L) (c) in the subjects evaluated and stratified at time T0, T1, T2.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Multiple comparison graphs of the concentrations of Leptin (ng/mL) (a), OC (ng/mL) (b), PINP (ng/mL) (c) and CTX (ng/mL) (d) in subjects evaluated and stratified at time T0, T1, T2. The figures represent the dots, the ranges, the median values and the trend line.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Multiple comparison graphs of the concentrations of Leptin (ng/mL) (a), OC (ng/mL) (b), PINP (ng/mL) (c) and CTX (ng/mL) (d) in subjects evaluated and stratified at time T0, T1, T2. The figures represent the dots, the ranges, the median values and the trend line.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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