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. 2024 Jun 13;13(12):1861.
doi: 10.3390/foods13121861.

Nutritional Quality Assessment of Miscellaneous Cassava Tubers Using Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis

Lintao Chen  1   2 , Rui Chen  1 , Elsayed M Atwa  2   3 , Mahmoud Mabrouk  4 , Huanyu Jiang  2 , Xiangwei Mou  1 , Xu Ma  5
Affiliations

Nutritional Quality Assessment of Miscellaneous Cassava Tubers Using Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis

Lintao Chen et al. Foods. .

Abstract

Cassava is a staple crop in developing countries because its starchy roots provide essential dietary carbohydrates. The aim of this research was to conduct a comprehensive inquiry and scientific evaluation of the nutritional value of cassava tubers. Eight nutritional characteristics were examined in native and imported cassava variants: starch, reduced sugar, anthocyanins, protein, dietary fiber, quinic acid, vitamin C, and dry matter content. Principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted to minimize the dimensionality of the nutritional markers. A scientific assessment technique was developed to calculate a composite score for the various cassava samples. Analysis of the data revealed noticeable variance among the samples' nutritional indicators, suggesting varying degrees of association. Starch had a substantial positive link with lower sugar, protein, and dry matter content (p < 0.01). Anthocyanins and quinic acid interacted favorably (p < 0.05), and a positive link between protein and dry matter content was observed (p < 0.05); however, protein and dietary fiber interacted negatively (p < 0.05). The contribution rate of the top three PCA factors was over 76%, demonstrating that these factors incorporated the primary information acquired from the eight original nutritional indices, while maintaining excellent representativeness and impartiality. The experimental results showed a preliminary nutritional grade for 22 cassava tuber samples. The top five types were Guangxi Muci, Gui Cassava 4, Glutinous Rice Cassava, Huifeng 60, and Dongguan Hongwei. In the cluster analysis, the levels of similarity between the data showed that the 22 types of cassava tubers could be grouped into five categories, each with their own set of nutrients. This study promotes the directed breeding of cassava species and offers a theoretical foundation for creating and using various cassava varieties. Furthermore, this work lays the groundwork for a systematic and dependable technique for the quality assessment, comprehensive evaluation, and reasonable classification of cassava species and similar crops.

Keywords: cassava planting; comprehensive evaluation; correlation analysis; determination of nutritional composition; standardized data processing.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Methodological framework.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Correlation analysis of nutritional value indicators of different varieties of cassava tubers. Note: * indicates a significant correlation (p < 0.05); ** indicates a highly significant correlation (p < 0.01).
Figure 3
Figure 3
A radar plot of nutritional value indicators for different varieties of cassava tubers.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Bottom lithotripsy map of main components.
Figure 5
Figure 5
PCA diagrams: (a) three-dimensional load diagram; (b) diagram of first and second principal component load; (c) diagram of second and third principal component load; (d) diagram of first and third principal component load.
Figure 5
Figure 5
PCA diagrams: (a) three-dimensional load diagram; (b) diagram of first and second principal component load; (c) diagram of second and third principal component load; (d) diagram of first and third principal component load.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Principal component scores of cassava tuber nutrients.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Load diagram of PCA of cassava tubers of different varieties.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Results of systematic clustering analysis of cassava tubers: (a) Q-type clustering of nutritional value indicators of 22 cassava tubers; (b) R-type clustering of nutritional value indicators of 22 cassava tubers.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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