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. 2024 Jun 7;14(6):735.
doi: 10.3390/life14060735.

Analysis of the Spread and Evolution of COVID-19 Mutations in Ecuador Using Open Data

Cesar Guevara  1 , Dennys Coronel  1 , Byron Salazar  2 , Jorge Salazar  3 , Hugo Arias-Flores  1
Affiliations

Analysis of the Spread and Evolution of COVID-19 Mutations in Ecuador Using Open Data

Cesar Guevara et al. Life (Basel). .

Abstract

Currently, the analyses of and prediction using COVID-19-related data extracted from patient information repositories compiled by hospitals and health organizations are of paramount importance. These efforts significantly contribute to vaccine development and the formulation of contingency techniques, providing essential tools to prevent resurgence and to effectively manage the spread of the disease. In this context, the present research focuses on analyzing the biological information of the SARS-CoV-2 viral gene sequences and the clinical data of COVID-19-affected patients using publicly accessible data from Ecuador. This involves considering variables such as age, gender, and geographical location to understand the evolution of mutations and their distributions across Ecuadorian provinces. The Cross-Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) methodology is applied for data analysis. Various data preprocessing and statistical analysis techniques are employed, including Pearson correlation, the chi-square test, and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Statistical diagrams and charts are used to facilitate a better visualization of the results. The results illuminate the genetic diversity of the virus and its correlation with clinical variables, offering a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics of COVID-19 spread in Ecuador. Critical variables influencing population vulnerability are highlighted, and the findings underscore the significance of mutation monitoring and indicate a need for global expansion of the research area.

Keywords: COVID-19; Crisp-DM methodology; epidemiology; virus genome; virus spread.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Stages of the Crisp-DM methodology [23].
Figure 2
Figure 2
SARS-CoV-2 variants by province in Ecuador.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Chronology of the spread of SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Figure 4
Figure 4
SARS-CoV-2 variants by patient gender.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Infected persons by gender and province.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Infected patients by age and SARS-CoV-2 variant.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Higher percentage of infected patients by age and variant.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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