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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2024 Jun 19;16(12):1952.
doi: 10.3390/nu16121952.

Efficacy and Safety of Panax ginseng Sprout Extract in Subjective Memory Impairment: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

Hyang-Im Baek  1   2 , Ki-Chan Ha  2 , Yu-Kyung Park  2 , Tae-Young Kim  3 , Soo-Jung Park  4
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Efficacy and Safety of Panax ginseng Sprout Extract in Subjective Memory Impairment: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

Hyang-Im Baek et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

Sprout ginseng extract (ThinkGIN™) manufactured through a smart farm system has been shown to improve memory in preclinical studies. This study conducted a 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ThinkGIN™ for improving memory in subjective memory impairment (SMI). Subjects aged 55 to 75 years with SMI participated in this study. A total of 80 subjects who met the inclusion/exclusion criteria were assigned to the ThinkGIN™ group (n = 40, 450 mg ThinkGIN™/day) or a placebo group (n = 40). Efficacy and safety evaluations were conducted before intervention and at 12 weeks after intervention. As a result of 12 weeks of ThinkGIN™ intake, significant differences in SVLT, RCFT, MoCA-K, PSQI-K, and AChE were observed between the two groups. Safety evaluation (AEs, laboratory tests, vital signs, and electrocardiogram) revealed that ThinkGIN™ was safe with no clinically significant changes. Therefore, ThinkGIN™ has the potential to be used as a functional food to improve memory.

Keywords: clinical trial; functional food; memory improvement; smart farming; sprout ginseng; subjective memory impairment.

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Conflict of interest statement

Authors Ki-Chan Ha and Yu-Kyung Park were employed by the Healthcare Claims & Management Inc. Author Tae-Young Kim is employed by BTC Corporation. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The funder was not involved in the study design, collection, analysis, interpretation of data, the writing of this article or the decision to submit it for publication.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
HPLC chromatographic profiles of (a) blank, (b) ginsenoside Re standard (c) ThinkGIN™ with excitation at 204 nm.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Flow-chart of subjects. Numbers of study participants enrolled, allocated, followed, and analyzed are shown using the CONSORT 2010 Flow Diagram.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Changes in efficacy outcomes (PP analysis). (A) Total score of SVLT immediate recall, (B) 2nd trial score of SVLT immediate recall, (C) total score of PSQI-K, (D) subjective sleep quality score of PSQI-K, (E) habitual sleep efficiency score of PSQI-K, and (F) AChE were measured in ThinkGIN™ and placebo groups at baseline and 12 weeks. Values are presented as mean ± SD. Analyzed by independent t-test for change value between the groups. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 vs. placebo group.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Changes in efficacy outcomes (ITT analysis). (A) Total score of SVLT immediate recall, (B) 1st trial score of SVLT immediate recall, (C) 2nd trial score of SVLT immediate recall, (D) RCFT immediate recall, (E) total score of MoCA-K, (F) visuospatial-executive score of MoCA-K, (G) total score of PSQI-K, (H) subjective sleep quality score of PSQI-K, (I) sleep latency score of PSQI-K, and (J) AChE were measured in ThinkGIN™ and placebo groups at baseline and 12 weeks. Values are presented as mean ± SD. Analyzed by independent t-test for change value between the groups. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 vs. placebo group.
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