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Review
. 2024 Jun 13:11:1402328.
doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1402328. eCollection 2024.

The controlling nutritional status score as a predictor of survival in hematological malignancies: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Guimei Lu  1 , Qingqing Li  2
Affiliations
Review

The controlling nutritional status score as a predictor of survival in hematological malignancies: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Guimei Lu et al. Front Nutr. .

Abstract

Objective: The controlling nutritional status score (CONUT) has been widely used for ascertaining the prognosis of various cancers. However, its use in patients with hematological malignancies remains unclear. This review examined evidence on the utility of CONUT as a prognostic marker for patients with hematological malignancies.

Methods: All cohort studies that examined the association between CONUT and outcomes of hematological malignancies and were published on the databases of Embase, Scopus, CENTRAL, Web of Science, and PubMed were searched from the inception of the databases to 30 January 2024. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS), and the secondary outcome was progression-free survival (PFS).

Results: A total of 23 studies were available for review. A meta-analysis of 22 studies showed that high CONUT was significantly associated with poor OS in patients with hematological malignancies (HR: 1.95 95% CI: 1.62, 2.35 I 2 = 89%). The results remained unchanged on sensitivity and subgroup analyses based on study location, sample size, diagnosis, CONUT cutoff, and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale score. Only six studies reported data on PFS, and the pooled analysis found that high CONUT was a significant marker for poor PFS in patients with hematological malignancies [hazards ratio (HR): 1.64 95% CI: 1.21, 2.20 I 2 = 70%]. These results, too, maintained significance in the sensitivity analysis.

Conclusion: CONUT is an independent predictor of poor OS in patients with hematological malignancies. The results appear to be valid across different cancer types and with different CONUT cutoffs. Scarce data also suggest that CONUT could predict PFS.

Keywords: leukemia; lymphoma; nutrition; recurrence; survival.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Search results of the review.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The meta-analysis of overall survival between high CONUT and low CONUT.
Figure 3
Figure 3
A funnel plot for judging publication bias.
Figure 4
Figure 4
The meta-analysis of progression-free survival between high CONUT and low CONUT.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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