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. 2024 Jun 28;39(2):117-121.
doi: 10.4274/MMJ.galenos.2024.55060.

Correlation Between Vestibular Disorders and Superior Semicircular Dehiscence on High-resolution Computed Tomography at Tam Anh Ho Chi Minh General Hospital

Cong Trinh Tran  1 , Thi Lan Huong Le  1 , Tran Thi Thuy Hang  1 , Nghi Hai Ma  2 , Ho Hoang Phuong  1 , Tran Phanchung Thuy  3
Affiliations

Correlation Between Vestibular Disorders and Superior Semicircular Dehiscence on High-resolution Computed Tomography at Tam Anh Ho Chi Minh General Hospital

Cong Trinh Tran et al. Medeni Med J. .

Abstract
in English, Turkish

Objective: Superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD) is a pathologic condition within the inner ear characterized by various vestibular manifestations. Numerous studies have reported an incidence rate of SSCD ranging from 3.6% to 9% in the general population. The objective of this medical study was to evaluate the prevalence of superior SSCD and investigate its correlation with vestibular symptoms among patients who underwent high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scans. To the best of our knowledge, there is limited research and awareness regarding SSCD in Vietnam. In addition, the secondary aim of our investigation is to assess the prevalence of SSCD in Vietnam and compare it with findings from previous studies worldwide.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Tam Anh Ho Chi Minh General Hospital from March 2022 to February 2024. Medical records and HRCT scans of the patients were collected. Patients were categorized into two groups: those with and without vestibular disorders. SSCD was defined as the absence of bone overlying the superior semicircular canal facing toward the dura of the middle cranial fossa. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the correlation between vestibular symptoms and the presence of SSCD.

Results: A total of 362 patients (including 151 men and 211 women) were recruited. The prevalence of SSCD was 10.2% according to the HRCT scan results. The study found that 18.33% of patients with vestibular disorders had SSCD on HRCT scans, whereas only 6.2% of patients without vestibular disorders exhibited SSCD, indicating a significant association (p-value <0.001).

Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of considering SSCD as a potential etiology in patients presenting with vestibular symptoms and emphasize the diagnostic utility of HRCT.

Amaç: Superior semisirküler kanal dehisansı (SSKD), iç kulakta çeşitli vestibüler belirtilerle karakterize patolojik bir durumdur. Çok sayıda çalışma, genel popülasyonda %3,6 ila %9 arasında değişen bir SSKD insidans oranı bildirmiştir. Bu tıbbi çalışmanın amacı, yüksek çözünürlüklü bilgisayarlı tomografi (YÇBT) taramaları yapılan hastalarda SSKD prevalansını değerlendirmek ve vestibüler semptomlarla korelasyonunu araştırmaktır. Bildiğimiz kadarıyla, Vietnam’da SSKD ile ilgili sınırlı araştırma ve farkındalık bulunmaktadır. Buna ek olarak, araştırmamızın ikincil amacı Vietnam’da SSKD prevalansını değerlendirmek ve bunu dünya çapında daha önce yapılan çalışmalardan elde edilen bulgularla karşılaştırmaktır.

Yöntemler: Bu retrospektif çalışma Tam Anh Ho Chi Minh Genel Hastanesi’nde Mart 2022 ile Şubat 2024 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirildi. Hastaların tıbbi kayıtları ve YÇBT taramaları toplandı. Hastalar iki gruba ayrıldı: Vestibüler bozukluğu olan ve olmayanlar. SSKD, orta kraniyal fossanın durasına doğru bakan superior semisirküler kanalın üzerinde kemik yokluğu olarak tanımlandı. Vestibüler semptomlar ile SSKD varlığı arasındaki korelasyonu belirlemek için istatistiksel analiz yapıldı.

Bulgular: Toplam 362 hasta (151 erkek ve 211 kadın) çalışmaya dahil edildi. YÇBT tarama sonuçlarına göre SSKD prevalansı %10,2 idi. Çalışmada, vestibüler bozukluğu olan hastaların %18,33’ünde YÇBT taramalarında SSKD bulunurken, vestibüler bozukluğu olmayan hastaların yalnızca %6,2’sinde SSKD görüldü ve bu da anlamlı bir ilişkiye işaret etmektedir (p-değeri <0,001).

Sonuçlar: Bu bulgular, vestibüler semptomlarla başvuran hastalarda SSKD’nin potansiyel bir etiyoloji olarak değerlendirilmesinin önemini ve YÇBT’nin tanısal faydasını vurgulamaktadır.

Keywords: Vestibular disorders; high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT); superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD).

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The superior semicircular canal appears intact. Coronal reconstruction of the temporal bone CT scan demonstrates an intact bony roof of the superior semicircular canal (arrow). CT: Computed tomography
Figure 2
Figure 2
Superior semicircular canal dehiscence. Coronal reconstruction of the temporal bone CT scan in another patient reveals the absence of the bony roof of the superior semicircular canal (arrow). CT: Computed tomography
Figure 3
Figure 3
Superior semicircular canal dehiscence in Stenvers view. Coronal CT reconstruction in the Stenvers plane of the same patient reveals a defect in the bony roof of the superior semicircular canal (arrow). CT: Computed tomography
Figure 4
Figure 4
Superior semicircular canal dehiscence in Pöschl view. Coronal CT reconstruction in the Pöschl plane of the same patient reveals a defect in the bony roof of the superior semicircular canal (arrow). CT: Computed tomography
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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